Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2003-01-01
Patterns of outcome and prognostic factors in primary large-cell lymphoma of the testis in a survey by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group.
Abstract
Purpose
To determine clinical features and patterns of outcome of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLCL).
Patients and methods
A retrospective international survey of 373 patients with primary testicular DLCL.
Results
Most patients presented with localized disease (stage I to II), and the median age at diagnosis was 66 years (range, 19 to 91 years). Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was administered to 255 patients (68%), and prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was given to 68 patients (18%); 133 patients (36%) received prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy. Median overall survival was 4.8 years, and median progression-free survival was 4 years. The survival curves showed no clear evidence of a substantial proportion of cured patients. A favorable international prognostic index score (IPI), no B-symptoms, the use of anthracyclines, and prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy were significantly associated with longer survival at multivariate analysis. However, even for patients with stage I disease and good-risk IPI, the outcome seems worse than what was reported for DLCL at other sites. At a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 195 patients (52%) had relapsed. Extranodal recurrence was reported in 140 cases. Relapses in CNS were detected in 56 patients (15%) up to 10 years after presentation. A continuous risk of recurrence in the contralateral testis was seen in patients not receiving scrotal radiotherapy.
Conclusion
Testicular DLCL is characterized by a particularly high risk of extranodal relapse even in cases with localized disease at diagnosis. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, CNS prophylaxis, and contralateral testicular irradiation seem to improve the outcome. Their efficacy is under evaluation in a prospective clinical trial.
Related Questions
What is the role of radiation in a patient with stage IV DLBCL with bilateral testicular involvement?
I tend to loosely recommend consolidation RT to the testicles in this situation if in CR. This recommendation is based on pattern-of-failure studies in primary testicular lymphoma where prophylactic contralateral testes RT is usually recommended, and the principle that the testicles are a sanctuary ...
Would you recommend scrotal RT in a patient with stage IV primary testicular lymphoma with CNS involvement after CR to RCHOP and MTX?
Irradiation to the contralateral testis is an important component of any successful curative regimen for patients with all stages of disease.In a survey by IELSG (JCO 2003), patients who did not receive contralateral testicular RT had a 43% incidence of testicular failure after CR to anthracycline b...
For a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the testicle, do you irradiate the contralateral testicle alone or do you recommend radiation to the lymphatics and remaining testicle?
The most common clinical scenario for primary testicular lymphoma is an older man presenting with a painless testicular mass who undergoes orchiectomy and is found to have DLBCL. Many patients will have stage I disease with post-orchiectomy PET-CT showing no other sites of involvement. Occasionally,...