How might CSF protein or other biomarkers be used to help differentiate relapsing vs progressive forms of MS at disease onset?

No single biomarker currently distinguishes relapsing from progressive MS reliably at disease onset, but combinations of biomarkers may help characterize the underlying disease biology and predict future progression. Neurofilament light (NfL) reflects neuroaxonal injury and is strongly associated wi...

CSF is an unlikely source for biomarker measurement, except at baseline or at diagnosis, or exceptionally if there is a dramatic change suggesting a disease condition other than MS. Serum biomarkers are more likely a more feasible source for measurement, but to date, there is really no set of biomar...