At what point should you consider deactivating ICDs or implanted pacemakers in patients nearing the end of life but not imminently dying?

Great question. I’ll start with the second part first. This should be a unique point in your discussions. You should clarify whether or not they want the ICD turned off, even if they agree to comfort care measures. If they hesitate to turn the ICD off, take this as an opportunity to explore more. Wh...