Hematology
Clinical discussions on blood disorders, coagulation, transfusion medicine, and hematologic malignancies.
Recent Discussions
In what situations do you use G-CSF for patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT to facilitate engraftment?
A word of caution regarding the use of G-CSF in the setting of using ATG for GVHD prophylaxis. We published in 2021 (Orfali et al., PMID 34507002) a multicenter retrospective analysis of the interaction between ATG and post-transplantation G-CSF on allogeneic HCT outcomes for myeloid malignancies an...
How do you approach very treatment-refractory ITP?
Severely refractory ITP doesn't account for a large fraction of ITP patients, but it can be quite a challenge for treaters and patients alike. Combination therapies, varied immunosuppressive agents, and careful checks on adherence are all helpful. Some alternative agents with entirely different mech...
What is your approach to DVT prophylaxis in patients who require IVIG but are at increased risk for thrombotic events?
I am unaware of any published data to guide the decision-making for this topic. Empirically, I recommend low-dose aspirin in patients >50 who have to get long-term IVIG especially if there are a lot of underlying risk factors for thrombosis like diabetes, immobility, etc. Again, this is not an evide...
How do you approach an isolated T-cell gene arrangement found in the setting of persistent hypereosinophilia?
The lymphocyte variant hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES) is a rare form of reactive eosinophilic driven by clonal, phenotypically aberrant T-lymphocytes that secrete IL-5 and other eosinophilopoeitic cytokines. Diagnosis is based primarily on immunophenotyping (flow cytometry) of peripheral blood. ...
How do you utilize cytokine panels in your clinical practice?
It's become easier to order cytokine panels that get processed locally in my hospital. However, I think we're still far from knowing how to interpret these or make clinical changes as a result. While it's tempting to think, "If TNF is elevated, I will give the patient a TNF inhibitor, which will mak...
How would you approach a low risk patient <60 yo with platelets <600 K, JAK2 positivity and heterozygosity for factor 5 leiden mutation with no previous thrombosis?
First, some clarification is necessary with respect to the patient's MPN diagnosis because all three MPN can be caused by a JAK2 mutation, but the thrombotic risk is very different in each. Second, this is also a relevant concern because there is no correlation between the platelet count and thrombo...
What is your approach to vaccinations and titers for patients with myeloma, who are immunosuppressed and do not have appropriate antibody responses to vaccines?
It depends on the vaccine and prior immunization history. Not all vaccines require an antibody response to be at least partially efficacious. In addition, with any immunocompromised host, reduced effectiveness for all vaccines is expected, but is not a reason to not vaccinate. Serologic testing is h...
Are you still recommending autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for all eligible myeloma patients who achieve remission after induction with a quadruplet regimen?
Our institution still recommends upfront autologous transplant for most fit patients. We appreciate the recent results from CEPHEUS and BENEFIT, but if we believe that achieving MRD negativity is important, the addition of autologous transplant improves the rate of MRD negativity, which ultimately s...
How does one interpret an SPEP showing potentially obscured but non-quantifiable M-spike however an IFE showing monoclonal protein?
Not all patients with monoclonal gammopathies make a detectable paraprotein on SPEP, or, in some cases like IgA gammopathies, it may be 'hidden' in the beta-region of the SPEP, or the rare IgD and IgE gammopathies may be too low to detect on the SPEP. In addition, for the 15-20% of patients who have...
Would you use sutimlimab for cold agglutinin disease/syndrome in patients with a concurrent hematologic malignancy?
The CARDINAL trial excluded patients with active malignancy, and thus in general I would not use sutimlimab in patients with CAD in context of a concurrent hematologic malignancy. Additionally, one would hope that treating the hematologic malignancy would address CAD mediated hemolysis, without requ...