Hematology
Clinical discussions on blood disorders, coagulation, transfusion medicine, and hematologic malignancies.
Recent Discussions
How do you differentiate primary from secondary iron overload?
Medical history helps- transfusion history, chronic hemolytic anemias, ESRD on HD, and inflammatory conditions increase the risk of secondary iron. In my practice, I use MRI to help distinguish between primary and secondary iron overload. In primary iron overload, the iron will only be seen in the l...
Do you consider bleeding risk in elderly, frail patients with atrial fibrillation to be similar for all NOACs?
I believe that apixaban carries a lower risk of bleeding, with particular reference to GI bleed, when compared to rivaroxaban and dabigatran. This is true in the population of AF patients at large and most probably in frail patients as well.
Would it be reasonable to offer a patient with CLL a treatment break from acalabrutinib or any BTK inihibitor after a period of time, assuming good response?
It is certainly reasonable to take breaks and I have done this for certain patients in my practice. For example, in older or frail patients whose disease is already under great control, I think it is reasonable to have a “drug holiday”. With continuous long-term use, it is almost inevitable to run i...
When would you consider testicular RT prior to TBI for BMT?
In children with ALL treated with systemic chemotherapy alone (no transplant), the risk of testicular recurrence is ~15-20% (Br J Haematol 2003;123:396, Br J Haematol 1998;102:656). In adults with AML treated with standard chemotherapy, with or without transplant using a chemotherapy alone condition...
For patients with newly diagnosed unmutated CLL how will you decide between BTKi alone vs Ven/BTKi vs Ven/Obin vs Ven/Obin/Acalabrutinib?
My usual practice has been Ven Obin for most patients, even unmutated, but if they have bulky nodes and are young/fit, I am now adding acala to that and giving the 3-drug regimen. Continuous BTKi in my practice is mostly reserved for the older or less fit patients, or those who really, really don’t ...
If using the triplet AMPLIFY regimen with ven/acala/obin upfront, what do you then plan to use in 2nd line treatment of CLL?
For patients who achieve a favorable response that lasts >1 year (or so, this is a ballpark estimate that may shift with more data), I would be very comfortable re-treating with a covalent BTKi (preferably after screening for BTK resistance mutations by NGS where available - with note of caution tha...
Will you recommend pirtobrutinib following a prior covalent BTKi in patients with cardiac comorbidities?
In the MCL patients treated on the BRUIN trial, treatment was well tolerated in general with a low rate of treatment discontinuation or dose reduction. As far as cardiac toxicities, no grade ≥3 treatment emergent AEs of hypertension were observed. Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) was reported in 6 (...
Would you consider anti-fibrinolytics for heavy menses in patients with a history of VTE?
A recent review article provided reassuring evidence about the combined use of antifibrinolytics and estrogen in women with heavy menstrual bleeding (Meschino et al., PMID 40680937); however, it did not specifically provide data in women with a prior history of VTE. In this case, I would first ensur...
In a patient with cardiac light chain amyloid who has significant heart failure symptoms, including inotrope dependence at presentation, how much clinical benefit does treatment provide?
In patients with cardiac light chain (AL) amyloidosis who present with significant heart failure symptoms and inotrope dependence, the clinical benefit of treatment is a complex and nuanced issue. This scenario often reflects an extreme end of the disease spectrum. Historically, patients with advanc...
For patients with a history of pregnancy loss, do you evaluate for PAI-1 polymorphisms as part of a thrombophilia workup?
I do not.The relationship between PAI-1 polymorphisms and thrombosis is complicated, and general guidance suggests against assessing for PAI-1 overexpression as part of a thrombophilia workup. While there is some data to suggest an association between PAI-1 polymorphisms and pregnancy loss, ALIFE2 s...