Primary Care
Physician perspectives on preventive care, chronic disease management, and evidence-based primary care practice.
Recent Discussions
Given the long half-life of dexamethasone, what is an appropriate dose schedule?
After a discussion years ago with my fellowship-trained Neuro-oncologist friend (from Neurology track), I use dexamethasone only ever on a qam schedule. It doesn’t disrupt the sleep as much, there’s no waking for doses, the schedule is easy for patients and families to remember. In seven years of pr...
After confirming the patient is not on NSAIDs, how do you approach acute ileitis on biopsies in a patient without symptoms or with only mild loose stools?
Is diarrhea inflammatory? What is her level of calprotectin? A useful biomarker to follow. Aphthous ilieitis does not have risk features for progressive Crohn’s that, at least at this time, does not require an advanced agent. You can use symptomatic agents (loperamide, cholestyramine, etc.) to asses...
How do you determine the optimal time to restart a diuretic in a patient with cirrhosis, ascites, and lower extremity edema who presented with acute kidney injury that resolved with IV albumin and holding diuretics?
Good question. It is tricky. Spironolactone can be resumed fairly quickly. With loop diuretics it is harder to resume them. If necessary, I would resume at lower dose and slowly uptitrate as needed with close monitoring. Ideally, it is better to do frequent paracentesis with albumin infusion than gi...
In what clinical circumstances do you use repository corticotropin injections in the management of a glomerulonephritis?
Personally, I have never used ACTH gel, but two specific disease states come to mind: steroid-resistant FSGS and membranous nephropathy. In one study, the partial remission rate for steroid-resistant FSGS was 29%, and for post-transplant recurrence of FSGS, 55%. For MN, the complete remission rate w...
Are systemic effects from corticosteroid use greater with budesonide rinses compared to nasal sprays?
With the increased use of budesonide nasal rinses for chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, it seems appropriate to ask about the systemic effects of rinses versus nasal sprays. Two publications address this point, both of which are in the International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology. The first (...
What dietary advice do you give patients with hyperlipidemia who want to try and manage it with lifestyle changes first?
The first place I usually start with when it comes to patients seeking lifestyle changes for hyperlipedemia is to point them towards dietary changes. My go to diet for this is the PORTFOLIO diet. A researched diet that has been shown in multiple trials to reduce LDL and was even shown to be non-infe...
How do you approach initial steroid dosing in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis?
I usually start with a high dose at 60 mg daily for a few weeks, then add DMARDs like MTX.
When do you recommend neuropsychiatric testing in patients with post-concussive syndrome?
I typically ask the patient what scenarios they experience cognitive issues. The various examples they provide usually relate to difficulty following conversations, forgetfulness within their working memory, and concentration/focus. In the post-concussion patient, they typically have developed adjus...
What is your approach to the management of patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis who continue to have elevated stone risk parameters in the setting of dietary factors despite receiving education from a dedicated stone clinic dietician?
Diets are notoriously difficult to follow. Once it is apparent that the patient is not going to get satisfactory control of metabolic stone disease (an increase in stone number or size as opposed to the passage of pre-existing stones, unchanged in size or number), it is time to start preventative me...
In what situations would you treat a rectal mass as cancer despite negative biopsies?
It is not uncommon to see a patient with rectal mass highly suspicious for malignancy by endoscopic evaluation but has a negative biopsy. Usually, this is due to superficial biopsy specimens. In our clinic, we usually get repeated endoscopic evaluation with biopsy as our first step. However, a small...