Rheumatology
Clinical discussions on autoimmune diseases, biologic therapies, vasculitis, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Recent Discussions
For patients with evidence of prior bilateral uveitis (PS, pupillary membranes, inactive KP, no view posteriorly) who reports no prior symptoms and who has had negative lab work-up, when do you consider repeat work-up and which labs would you repeat?
This is a difficult question to answer succinctly, as so much information is missing to provide a complete response. However, it does raise some important points that are worth mentioning:There is a prevailing tenet, which I was taught as a resident and hear often from residents today, that 1st epis...
In patients with isolated anti-Centromere antibody positivity and Raynaud's phenomenon without other features of systemic sclerosis, what is your approach to screening for pulmonary complications?
In patients with isolated anti-centromere antibody (ACA) positivity and Raynaud's phenomenon, even without overt systemic sclerosis, the primary concern is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which can develop at any point, including decades after initial presentation. Notably, ACA-positive patie...
In patients with lupus nephritis, and MAHA with positive anti-phospholipid autoantibodies, what are the considerations to use or not use anti-coagulation therapy?
I support anticoagulation and C5 inhibition for such patients if they are not adequately responding.
In what clinical situations do you consider azathioprine for treatment of inflammatory arthritis?
Azathioprine (AZA) is among the oldest pharmacologic immunosuppressive agents in use today. Initially developed as a long-lived prodrug of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), it was quickly found to have a more favorable therapeutic index. Gertrude B. Elion (Winner of 1988 Nobel Prize in Medicine for “importa...
How do you work with patients to establish reasonable treatment goals for the management of fibromyalgia-related pain?
Great question. I explicitly tell my patients that I have no magic-bullet– no penicillin or prednisone-adjacent pill – that will swiftly and reliably alleviate their pain. This expectation, that a pill will eradicate disease, makes sense in the wake of the infectious disease revolution, where target...
Which osteoporosis medications are safe to offer a patient with severe osteoporosis who is strictly vegan?
It would be helpful to know what severe osteoporosis means and what the T-scores are in the hip and spine. For patients who are strictly vegan, I would put them on an appropriate osteoporotic medication, making sure that they have an adequate calcium intake either from their diet or supplements, alo...
Do you counsel patients differently about the risk of radiation induced malignancy when you are treating a proximal joint (hip) vs a distal joint (elbow) for benign conditions such as OA?
The mentality for this must change from radiation oncologist thinking to radiation medicine thinking. There have been no documented cases of malignancy from LDRT treatment of OA. Those who worry about the spine reference old studies giving 20 Gy in 5 fx with an open field pre-linac era. This is not ...
What is your approach to immunomodulatory treatment in patients with Sjogren's syndrome who have active serologies (i.e. elevated ESR, hypergammaglobulinemia, hypocomplementemia) but minimal symptoms?
Hypergammaglobulinemia and hypocomplementemia are risk factors for lymphoma in the setting of Sjogren's Disease (SjD), as well as cryo, IgM kappa, lymphopenia/neutropenia, RF+, asymmetric parotid swelling and disease activity (Nocturne et al., PMID 26606524). Therefore, even with "minimal symptoms" ...
How has the new data regarding long-term follow-up of degenerative meniscal tears vs surgery changed your management approach in these patients?
Degenerative meniscus tears are a common finding on MRI in our older patients. A challenge lies in determining if that finding is the cause of the patient's symptoms. When deciding whether to send for surgical consultation, I query about mechanical symptoms (catching, locking, or giving way) and/or ...
For patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome whose symptoms continue despite an adequate course of physical therapy, what adjunctive treatments (bracing, taping, injections, orthotics, or imaging) do you consider most helpful?
After an adequate course of physical therapy (under the guidance of a knowledgeable PT), I recommend imaging to determine if there is underlying pathology like chondromalacia, chondrosis/fissuring, an OCD lesion, or perhaps a tendinopathy or fat pad impingement. Starting with a plain film (AP, later...