Given the significant risk of recurrence after chemoradiation for locally advanced anal carcinoma, should resection be considered (with or without neoadjuvant treatment) in select cases?  

At other sites we consider locally advanced disease and high risk of recurrence a contraindication for organ preservation. Would surgery improve likelihood of local control in locally advanced anal cancer?

From 98-11

T4N0 – 37 percent LRF

T3N+ – 44 percent LRF

T4N+ – 60 percent LRF



Answer from: Radiation Oncologist at Academic Institution