What are the benefits and potential risks of using bisphosphonates for pseudoxanthoma elasticum?

There are not a lot of data regarding the use of bisphosphonates in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). The major pathogenic event in PXE is ectopic mineralization of elastic tissue in middle-size arteries, Bruch’s membrane of the choroid (predisposing to choroidal neovascularization and retinal bleeds leading to central vision loss) and elastic tissue of the dermis, leading to the characteristic skin changes. What data exist are primarily from limited clinical trials and mouse studies (which, unfor...

Tough condition to treat, I typically would use a fractional erbium YAG or CO2 laser, and would do a test spot first and follow-up, but I found this condition very hard to treat with any modality.