What is the effectiveness of transmagnetic stimulation for patients with chronic pain, including chronic headaches?

In addition to repetitive TMS (rTMS) discussed helpfully by Dr. @Dr. First Last, single pulse TMS (sTMS) is an FDA-approved treatment for migraine. In contrast with rTMS administered in a clinical setting, sTMS is administered at home with a lightweight device designed for home administration. Effic...

Based on available literature, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may show promise as an adjunctive treatment for chronic migraine but remains investigational. High-frequency rTMS—most commonly targeted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex—can significantly reduce monthly migraine ...

I am not a fan of devices and have never applied them in practice, including transmagnetic stimulation. The reason is that with my background (PhD) in pharmacology, I am accustomed to the level of evidence required by the FDA for the approval of medications (CDER; Center for Drug Evaluation and Rese...