What is the utility of near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging during parathyroid surgery?

Parathyroid tissue emits auto fluorescence (AF) in the near infrared spectral range of 700-900 nm when excited by a 785 nm diode laser. It was thought that this technology during surgery could identify parathyroid gland disease from normal parathyroid glands. Thus near-infrared auto fluorescence (NIRAF) with thought to be a useful tool in identifying parathyroid glands during parathyroid surgery and thyroid surgery. It had the advantage of imaging parathyroid glands without the need for contrast agents. It was also thought it might be helpful in reducing risk of postoperative hypocalcemia. Most of the studies had been single cohort studies that appeared promising. The study (Pannu et al., PMID 38111703) evaluated 230 patients undergoing fir...

It's not useful and helpful.