What is your preferred treatment for rhinorrhea in patients with Parkinson's disease?

According to a recent meta-analysis, rhinorrhea is common in people with PD; present in almost half of patients. I have only prescribed it a few times, but to the best of my knowledge, intranasal ipratropium is what is most commonly tried. Efficacy is variable. And there are no PD-specific studies o...

This review paper discusses several treatment options for rhinorrhea in Parkinson's disease: Chen et al., PMID 36382119.

This paper discusses exocrine gland dysfunction more broadly: Munhoz et al., PMID 41902376.

Keep in mind that some dopamine agonists can increase rhinorrhea, so consider switching ...