Which clinical and echocardiographic parameters (i.e. LVEF, AVA) do you use when determining patient candidacy for LV device-assisted percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with cardiogenic shock and severe AS?

This is a tough one and there is no one best answer. The entire clinical picture must be taken into account. Typically, use of an RHC can help guide a patient in cardiogenic shock the best. Historically, patients with mean gradients over 40 mmHg with AVA < 1.0 cm sq by echo or by invasive testing will derive a meaningful hemodynamic benefit from a BAV as a bridge to TAVR or SAVR to help treat their shock state. However, some patients with low stroke volume, lower gradients, and AVA < 1 will benefit as well. Regarding LV device-assisted hemodynamic support, typically if the ejection fraction is well below 30% and the patient is in cardiogenic shock (no RCT to support this, and this is based on my personal experience), I would consider LV dev...