Would you ever offer adjuvant immunotherapy after definitive chemoradiation for esophageal cancer?

A great question – one that we really don’t have data to answer quite yet. Obviously, we do have guidance for resectable patients. CheckMate 577 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial in patients with stage II or III esophageal or gastroesophageal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and were found to have residual disease at the time of surgery (Kelly et al., PMID 33789008). Patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive adjuvant nivolumab or placebo. Enrollment was independent of PD-L1 overexpression, and the maximum treatment duration was 1 year. The majority of patients had esophageal cancers (60%) and histology was predominantly adenocarcinoma (71%). The primary endpoint of the study was disease-free...