Cardiology
Expert discussions on heart failure, arrhythmias, interventional procedures, and cardiovascular risk management.
Recent Discussions
What is the role of mechanical circulatory support in mixed cardiogenic vasodilatory shock?
To structure management for any individual patient with "mixed" shock, it is prerequisite to define the nature, sequence and contributors to the admixture of circulatory derangements. Temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) provides hemodynamic value for patients with a critical insufficienc...
In light of recent trials evaluating NPO before cath (CHOW NOW, SCOFF, etc.) are centers still restricting oral intake pre-procedure?
Despite compelling growing evidence supporting that NPO is safe for diagnostic procedures (coronary angiogram, RHC), most institutions are still reluctant to change, likely related to: Medical inertia Nursing staff hesitation Upper management Medical liability M&M related concerns Lack of guideline...
What patient population is most likely to benefit from pill in pocket strategy for management of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in an unmonitored setting?
Ideal patients are those with structurally normal hearts, no ischemia, and no renal impairment. For pill-in-the-pocket anti-arrhythmic therapy, I don't think an adjunctive AV node blocker is required for single-dose administration. Most patients who use pill-in-the-pocket antiarrhythmic therapy are ...
Would you start ASA and/or statin therapy on an asymptomatic patient noted to have incidental pathologic Q waves on EKG, assuming no prior history of ischemic heart disease?
I would start with a thorough H and P and comprehensive risk evaluation with necessary screening including blood work, at least a stress echocardiogram if not a full echocardiogram in addition, and also offer Calcium scoring. Given more details are not given regarding the patient's age and functiona...
Should we begin using bromocriptine for CVD management during pregnancy per ESC guidelines in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy?
The use of bromocriptine for managing cardiovascular disease during pregnancy, particularly in the context of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), is a topic of growing interest and debate.Before answering this question, I want to make a few points: PPCM is thought to involve a combination of factors i...
What is your approach to patient selection for cardioneuroablation for vasovagal syncope?
Cardioneuroablation (CNA) for vasovagal syncope is a potential treatment that I have enthusiasm for but my use is tempered by limitations in the currently available evidence base. My opinion is that the majority of patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS) should not undergo this procedure, especially in...
How do you manage calcium and vitamin D supplementation in patients with sarcoidosis on chronic steroids?
This is a great question with very limited data to help answer it well. The first-line therapy for sarcoidosis is corticosteroids, and chronic use can lead to decreased bone mass. Of course, Vitamin D supplementation is a very important factor in rebuilding bone mass. In sarcoid patients, this issue...
In what clinical context would you consider offering first time catheter ablation for symptomatic atrial fibrillation in patients with advanced heart failure, as opposed to a trial of antiarrhythmics and/or cardioversion?
I would favor first-time catheter ablation in patients with advanced heart failure as a way to improve LVEF%, symptoms, reduce risk for recurrent hospitalizations, and decrease mortality. Many patients with advanced heart failure have an enlarged LAVI, so DCCV will only be a temporary solution and a...
What radiation dose is a risk for damaging function or active leads from a pacemaker?
This is a complex issue sometimes asked on our weekly OLA/ABR website. According to the updated 2019 AAPM TG-203 report published in Medical Physics by Miften et al., PMID 31571229, and the JACC review by Fradley et al., PMID 34604807, care for patients with CIEDs requires careful attention to indiv...
When would you consider using acetazolamide to augment diuresis in patients with ADHF?
The ADVOR trial suggested that the addition of acetazolamide to a loop diuretic "upfront" in congested patients with heart failure achieves greater decongestion at 72 hours and discharge. While most would not use such a combination in "all" patients, this strategy is optimal in those demonstrating s...