Gastroenterology
Expert perspectives on IBD, liver disease, motility disorders, and GI diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
Recent Discussions
What is your preferred management for large esophageal varices with red wale marks found on screening EGD in a patient with decompensated cirrhosis, no prior GI bleeding, and good adherence to medical care?
You're describing high-risk varices, which need to be treated somehow. Guidelines do suggest NSBB and banding as an alternative if patients can't tolerate NSBB, so if you feel this patient may not be able to undergo subsequent EGDs every 2-4 weeks until eradicated, then suggest NSBB.
In patients who have failed 5-ASA and have moderate to severe UC, do you utilize 5-ASA as an adjunct, especially rectal therapy?
Good question. There are two separate questions here. The first is regarding oral 5-ASA therapy. In patients who require initiation of advanced therapy for control of their ulcerative colitis after failing 5-ASA, both the AGA and ACG guidelines for moderate to severe UC recommend not continuing 5-AS...
Should all patients diagnosed with B12 deficiency get a baseline EGD?
It is important to determine the cause of B12 deficiency. The majority of cases are due to pernicious anemia (atrophic gastritis and lack of intrinsic factor), I presume this question relates to that group. If there is another cause such as intestinal malabsorption or bacterial overgrowth, this does...
How do you sequence antiviral therapy and cancer-directed therapy in a newly diagnosed patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and incidentally found hepatitis C?
According to the recent publication by Cabibbo G, et at, J. Hepatol. 2019, 71, 265–273, yes direct-acting antivirals after successful treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma improves survival in HCV-cirrhotic patients. No such data or evidence for advanced disease though. in that case, antiviral...
Which patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are ideal candidates to undergo TIPS to reduce perioperative risk in anticipation of an elective surgery?
A pre-operatively placed TIPS may have a role in preventing hepatic decompensation and post-surgical complications in carefully selected patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. The data to support TIPS pre-operatively is limited, given the varying surgical contexts and the generally poor pro...
What is your approach to choosing a particular advanced therapy based on patient or disease factors when initiating treatment for moderate-severe IBD?
The selection is based less on relative efficacy and safety (aside from JAKs) and more on the patient: Age, gender, family history, and co-morbidities. Younger males: more concern regarding lymphoma with thiopurines. Young women: If contemplating pregnancy would consider biologics vs small molecule...
How do you incorporate intestinal ultrasound in the care of patients with inflammatory bowel disease?
The use of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has significantly impacted how I care for patients with IBD. In an established patient with IBD, I typically monitor disease activity every 6 months with a reliable tool (IUS, calprotectin, colonoscopy, or enterography), even when patients are asymptomatic, as ...
How would you approach new-onset large vessel vasculitis in a young patient with Crohn's disease?
Patients with Crohn's Disease (or IBD) can develop features of large vessel vasculitis or even other forms of vasculitis. The first consideration in a young patient would be determining the type of vasculitis--whether there is a distribution and clinical picture suggestive of TAK. It is important to...
What diet do you recommend for patients with inflammatory bowel disease?
This is a good question and very commonly comes up. The first step is really understanding what the expectations and goals are. If the goal is to achieve remission in people with inflammation who are symptomatic and want to use diet as monotherapy or in conjunction with meds, I discuss various thera...
How do you adjust medications for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis who responded to budesonide or PPI, and when do you repeat EGD?
Repeat EGD after BID PPI is normal- do you decrease to once-a-day PPI? When to repeat EGD if ever? I try to decrease to once daily in the morning, but if so, I repeat an endoscopy 3 months later to make sure histologic remission is still maintained. After response to Budesonide, continue life-lo...