Neurology
Expert perspectives on neurological conditions, stroke management, movement disorders, and neuromuscular disease.
Recent Discussions
At what point could starting AEDs be considered for patients with recurrent simple febrile seizures?
Assuming this is a young child, it is a subtype of "provoked" seizures. It is reasonable to treat if they are frequent or severe. Any ASM will do. Wean off like any other ASM treatment: slowly and gradually. Febrile seizures should not occur after the age of 5 or so.
How do you limit the onset of new strokes in patients with Moya-Moya syndrome?
In patients with Moya Moya, the most effective way to limit strokes is through EC-IC bypass surgery, preferably done at a high volume center. There is no consensus about whether direct or indirect bypass is the best choice.
Should patients with clinically isolated syndrome be started on medication?
Since the 2017 revisions to the McDonald criteria, many patients previously categorized as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) can be reclassified as relapsing remitting MS with the additions of including symptomatic enhancing lesions and oligoclonal banding on CSF in dissemination in space and time ...
At what point is it warranted to send an autoimmune epilepsy panel in patients?
Most often, we encounter patients with autoimmune encephalitis in the hospital with a catastrophic onset of seizures, movement disorders, or significant neuropsychiatric changes. However, we may also encounter patients in our clinics with autoimmune-mediated epilepsy that can follow a more subacute ...
At what point do you refer patients with medication refractory epilepsy for surgical evaluation?
The definition of medically refractory epilepsy is any patient who has failed two or more appropriately chosen and dosed antiseizure medications with the failure of the med not due to side effects. Any patient who is medically refractory should be referred to an epilepsy center for evaluation of pot...
What workup and management plan is indicated for patients with orthostatic tremor?
Work-up can include a surface EMG recording of the patient in multiple positions (i.e. lying, sitting, standing) with confirmation of high-frequency (~15hz) tremor in the standing position (after several minutes of standing, typically).Regarding management, clonazepam, gabapentin, and propranolol ar...
Should patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy have any statin medications discontinued?
There is equipoise about use or discontinuation of statin in patients who have had an intraparenchymal hemorrhage attributed cerebral amyloid angiopathy. A multicenter clinical trial is investigating this question (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03936361). I would base continuing vs disconti...
How do you approach the use of biologics in patients with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome?
Onset of demyelinating neuropathies after TNF-inhibitor treatment has been reported in a small fraction of patients treated with these agents. Although their effects on patients with a history of GBS have not been systematically studied, TNF inhibitors are generally avoided in patients with history ...
When do you consider lesion therapy (such as pallidotomy or subthalamotomy) instead of DBS in patients with Parkinson's disease?
Although lesion therapy can be beneficial for motor symptoms of PD, the response is variable, and PD itself changes over time so the benefit will likely wane over time. Thus, the best candidates for lesion therapy are persons with limited life expectancy or substantial contraindications to DBS such ...
In what situations would you consider memantine when treating multiple brain metastases with SRS?
The study by Brown et al., PMID 23956241 showing the benefit to memantine in terms of delay/decrease in neurocognitive function was in patients receiving whole brain radiation therapy. That is why I routinely offer memantine to patients receiving WBRT. (Even with the study results, I almost always h...