Neurology
Expert perspectives on neurological conditions, stroke management, movement disorders, and neuromuscular disease.
Recent Discussions
How do you approach evaluation of a patient referred for mononeuritis multiplex and +SSB?
Step 1: A clinical syndrome of mononeuropathy multiplex always requires an EMG study. Is the primary mechanism of the MnM axonal or demyelinating? If it is demyelinating, there are only two possible diagnoses: multifocal CIDP (Lewis Sumner syndrome, which can occur in the context of Sjogren's syndro...
How do you counsel patients and caregivers about the trajectory of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease?
I address the subject of cognitive impairment fairly early in PD, since patients may notice mild deficits in multitasking and attention even within the first few years of diagnosis. Strategies such as making lists and breaking down individual tasks are effective in preserving independence. Worsening...
Is there sufficient evidence yet to support the use of lithium supplementation or prescription in the management of neurodegenerative diseases?
No.I assume the question was written in response to a recent publication in Nature (Lithium deficiency and the onset of Alzheimer’s disease), highlighting recent research in mouse models where lithium deficiency in the brain led to accelerated amyloid pathology, which could be in part reversed by re...
How do you differentiate between HIV associated neurocognitive disease (HAND) and other causes of neurocognitive impairment?
This is a great question. In the era of test and treat, where many people with HIV have never had significant immunocompromise, cognitive impairment due to HIV itself is now relatively rare. On the other hand, people with HIV experience conditions of aging about 10 years earlier than people without ...
In advanced Parkinson’s disease, how should clinicians assess symptom management and quality of life when patients are no longer able to communicate themselves?
This is challenging and why palliative care professionals are not familiar with neurodegenerative conditions, questions their efficacy in helping our patients. Using validated tools can help such as the ESAS-rPD. This scale can be used to assess response to interventions. Family members may be able ...
For a patient with large volume glioblastoma, what do you do if they are found to have a subdural infection in the middle of chemoRT requiring repeat surgery?
In this scenario, the patient will likely stop the daily treatments for a variable period of time that I would estimate to be measured in weeks while recuperating from surgery and receiving IV antibiotics. When cleared for radiation, I would start by doing a new Simulation using an updated MRI to ac...
For patients with hydrocephalus secondary to leptomeningeal disease, how do you determine what type of shunt device to place?
For my small part, please ask neuro-oncology if they plan to use intrathecal chemo (and need hybrid with Ommaya)
Would you start cholinesterase inhibitors for a patient with MCI or mild dementia based on MoCA testing, when there is concern for frontotemporal dementia?
No- there is no benefit of cholinesterase inhibitors and even a risk of harm from them in FTD. .
Cost and access aside, when might you prefer to start a patient on a triptan instead of a gepant for acute migraine therapy?
For me, the triptans are first line for migraine abortion. They have been on the market for well over three decades, we have a lot of experience with them, a lot of clinical-trial information is available on them, and also in special populations like teenagers and adolescents, as well as pregnant wo...
How does the presence of 1-3 microbleeds on MRI influence your choice of anti-amyloid therapies for patients with MCI or mild AD?
1-3 microbleeds is a small number, and the question does not specify that to be suspicious for amyloid angiopathy, the microbleeds should be cortical/subcortical, not deep (as seen in hypertensive individuals). This number, assuming that there are no signs of a larger hemorrhage nor superficial side...