Psychiatry
Expert discussions on psychopharmacology, behavioral health interventions, and psychiatric care approaches.
Recent Discussions
How do you manage obsessive-compulsive symptoms secondary to clozapine?
You have to find a good balance, which can be very challenging if the psychosis and OCD are prominent. Clozapine exacerbates OCD the most out of any antipsychotic. You can use Luvox to help boost clozapine levels and decrease norclozapine levels, which is the main culprit of metabolic side effects; ...
How do you counsel patients on the risks and benefits of antidepressant use during pregnancy?
I always frame the decision as being between the risks and benefits of the medication vs. the underlying condition. We are always aiming for the "minimum effective dose" but "effective" is just as important as "minimum." Medications are, of course, not the only way to treat psychiatric illness and a...
What adjunctive therapies to you recommend for symptom control in acute opioid withdrawal beyond full/partial opioid agonists?
Here are some general recommendations below. I recommend asking the patient what symptoms are most bothersome or what they anticipate to be the most bothersome when prescribing adjuncts. I routinely recommend APAP/ibuprofen, and then usually prescribe something for anxiety and nausea. Tizanidine can...
Given the mixed evidence for N-acetylcysteine in adolescent cannabis use disorder, how do you approach discussing this with families?
A thoughtful addition to the discussion on NAC in adolescents with cannabis use disorder is to emphasize how and when it is used. In many young patients, cannabis use is not simply recreational or oppositional, but a compulsive attempt to manage obsessional anxiety. When this pattern is recognized—p...
What strategies do you find helpful to stop zolpidem in patients who have been taking the medicine for months or years?
Zolpidem has significant withdrawal, and if not careful, the patient will perceive it as a need for zolpidem for sleep. Technically, it is not working after about 6-8 months due to the accommodation of receptors. Please use lemborexant hintly for 1 week, reduce to 2.5 mg zolpidem for 1 month, and th...
What is your approach to Tardive Dyskinesia when VMAT2 inhibitors are ineffective or unaffordable?
In established cases of tardive dyskinesia, in which withdrawal-emergent dyskinesia has been ruled out, and dyskinesia has persisted despite a sufficient washout interval after removal of the offending agent, VAM2 inhibitors such as valbenazine and deutetrabenazine are used for pharmacotherapy. If t...
How will your approach to screening and diagnosis of early dementia change given newly available therapies for early Alzheimer's disease?
As it stands, it is not recommended to screen asymptomatic patients for the proteins seen in Alzheimer’s disease outside of clinical trials (i.e., AHEAD 3-45). However, with the emergence of new treatment options in the clinic, I foresee an influx of patients with cognitive symptoms who need a preci...
Where in your treatment approach to fibromyalgia will you recommend sublingual cyclobenzaprine?
The choice of medication for any given patient is based on a lot of factors and, realistically, is often highly dependent on affordability and insurance coverage across different pharmacy plans. Despite other FDA-approved options, oral cyclobenzaprine is usually the medication I reach for first with...
How do you decide when and how often to reach out to patients with serious mental illness who are disengaging from care due to psychosocial stressors?
Outreach is always determined on a case-by-case basis, so it's difficult to give a definitive answer on this. Important factors to consider are the person's functional status, potential risk for harm without care, their decision-making ability, and the intensity of stressors. Obviously, those who ar...
How do you determine disposition when a patient presents to an outpatient psychiatry visit with recent self-injury that may require medical attention?
I agree with the responses that it has to be individualized, but if the self-injury is severe enough to warrant "medical attention" (I assume that means requiring sutures?), then in most cases that would warrant an emergency detention order in my opinion. Even in the case of borderline patients, thi...