Pulmonology
Physician discussions on respiratory conditions, critical care, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary procedures.
Recent Discussions
How do you decide whether to use pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis?
For all patients, I begin by using a standard risk prediction tool to determine if the patient is appropriate for pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis. At our institution, the Padua risk prediction tool is embedded in our electronic health record/admission set. Clinical guidelines- including those from the...
In light of recent measles outbreaks in the US, would you recommend an MMR booster for immunocompetent patients born before 1957?
I would not recommend a measles vaccine for a person born before 1957. This year has been chosen because people before born before 1957 have a very very high likelihood of having had measles because virtually all children got this highly contagious disease. On the other hand, there is no harm to get...
How do you decide the maximum amount of volume to remove during a therapeutic thoracentesis?
Critically ill (hypotension/shock on pressors) that are not having hypoxia issues/increased FiO2 requirements, I would probably be cautious. Rest of the population, use clinical judgement based on the clinical response... Less likely to need a "hard" stop/limit.
What are your go-to options for managing ICU delirium in patients with contraindications to antipsychotics?
Evidence for Ramelteon (Yu et al., PMID 36726202)Delirium with behavioral disturbances Depakote Clonidine Propranolol, especially with TBI Non pharmacological Make sure they're closer to the nursing station. Constant re-orientation. Shades open during the day and close at night. Bring anything they ...
What alternative, low-effort airway clearance strategies do you use in frail neuromuscular patients who are unable to tolerate or fail manual chest physiotherapy (e.g., oscillating PEP devices, high-frequency chest wall oscillation vests, or mechanical insufflation-exsufflation/cough assist)?
Airway clearance is key to quality of life and prolonged survival in frail NMD patients, sometimes adding decades, depending on the particular NMD and other factors (luck and prayers don't hurt). Most tolerate manual techniques (i.e., quad coughing) reasonably well, so I wouldn't wait for them to no...
What would be your recommendation for treatment of worsening lung disease in a patient with long-standing scleroderma after long-term mycophenolate therapy which is no longer an option due to side effect/intolerance?
Someone who has been on long-term Mycophenolate for interstitial lung disease and has had stabilization or improvement in their lung function and then is unable to tolerate the medication may be able to be switched to mycophenolic acid sodium (myfortic) which is often less toxic and better able to b...
How often are you repeating screening PFTs in patients with SARDs who have 3 or more years of normal or stable PFTs?
The answer to this question is complex and needs to be tailored to the individual patient’s risk for ILD and the particular SARD.Approximately 30-40% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) will develop ILD, typically within the first 5 years after the first non-Raynaud’s manifestation and rarely ...
What strategies do you find helpful in advanced care planning with patients/families who are very "miracle" centered?
Hope for the miracle yourself! Broaden: “Are there any other things you are hoping for?” Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: “I see how much you want a miracle. I wonder if we can talk about what we should do if this doesn’t happen.” Consider involving a religious leader if relevant.
In an ALS patient with FVC 60–70% predicted, normal daytime ABG, and normal nocturnal oximetry, but persistent orthopnea and unrefreshing sleep, do you initiate nocturnal NIV — and if so, how do you navigate the CMS coverage gap?
In our assisted ventilation clinic, we lean toward symptom-based initiation for patients with neuromuscular disease, including ALS. There are several strategies for navigating the coverage gap. We have found that performing both FVC and MIP measurements with supine positioning will often reveal that...
In a patient on chronic stable methadone or buprenorphine for OUD who develops symptomatic central sleep apnea, do you prioritize treating the CSA (CPAP → ASV if LVEF >45%, adjunct acetazolamide/O₂) or pushing the opioid team toward dose reduction? Where does loop-gain phenotyping change your sequence?
The starting point is to explore opioid dose reduction. If this is not feasible, then I would initiate CPAP, given the substantial overlap between OSA and CSA (co-morbid OSA is present in more than 2/3 of patients with CSA). If CSA persists, then I would consider adjunctive therapy with acetazolamid...