Do you recommend adjuvant radiation in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) resected with a positive margin (R1 resection)?

When considering the competing risk of distant mets, the probability of isolated local failure in this disease is probably very low and treatment of the positive margin may not result in a clear benefit. Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have about a 70% or more distant failure rate, and...