Do you recommend the use of indwelling pleural catheters in the management of patients with hepatic hydrothorax requiring frequent drainage?

The use of an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) in hepatic hydrothorax (HH) is a nuanced question. One must weigh the benefit of frequent drainage versus the morbidity associated with the catheter as well as the clinical context of the patient.

There are somewhat limited data regarding the use of IPC...