How do you manage concurrent non-life-threatening hemoptysis and acute pulmonary embolism?
Hemoptysis can occur with PE when there is pulmonary infarction. However, the majority of pulm embolism cases have pleuritic chest pain without infarction. Significant hemoptysis is very rare in these cases and anticoagulation is nearly always safe. When hemoptysis continues or the volume is concerning, other causes should be considered. (A recent case of acute PE after thoracic surgery had recurrent hemoptysis but this was ultimately deemed due to intrapulmonary hemorrhage from the surgery and residual inflamed lung tissue). When significant hemoptysis occurs in pulm infarction (or from any cause), the infarcted/affected side should be placed down to protect the nonbleeding lung. Intubation in PE should be avoided (to protect the RV) unles...
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