How soon after initiating oral anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation can it be interrupted for surgery or procedures?

How do you manage anticoagulation therapy for a patient with atrial fibrillation who needs surgery or a procedure?

• For elective surgeries, work up atrial fibrillation and correct reversible causes before considering interrupting anticoagulation
• For emergent/urgent surgeries, start anticoagulation and stop it 3 days prior to surgery if using a DOAC, then restart after surgery when cleared
• For symptomatic patients needing surgery, anticoagulate and try to cardiovert first, then keep anticoagulation uninterrupted for optimally a month post-cardioversion
• For emergent surgeries soon after cardioversion, stop anticoagulation and use therapeutic heparin, stopping just before surgery and restarting ASAP after surgery
• Other