What infections should we rule out in patients who develop diarrhea on immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy is known to be associated with immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IMDC). However, it remains unclear whether cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy are at a heightened risk for Clostridioides difficile colitis infection (CDI). A retrospective study focusing on patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) who developed diarrhea and were tested for CDI found that 27 patients had CDI, while 24 were merely colonized. In contrast, 105 patients with IMDC were identified...