What markers on EEG can help predict/detect postoperative or ICU-related delirium?

The interest in the use of EEG for delirium prediction/detection has increased in recent years. Postoperative delirium (POD) is common and is linked to adverse long-term cognitive outcomes. Preoperative EEG biomarkers of postoperative delirium may aid in risk stratification and implementation of preventive strategies. Few studies looking at preoperative EEG biomarkers of postoperative delirium show that a decrease in spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95) and a decrease in gamma and beta power on aw...

Though the EEG findings may not have great specificity for delirium prediction, loss of faster frequencies and replacement of posterior alpha background with theta delta frequencies can suggest caution, to place the patient on delirium precautions. In addition, one should look out for GPDs that appear state-dependent and FIRDA, which suggest encephalopathy. Focal Epileptiform discharges and LRDA may also increase the risk of delirium in the setting of polypharmacy. Good sleep architecture may be...