General Hospital Medicine

How do you reconcile the potential risks and benefits of IV fluids in this patient population? Do you have a preferred type of fluid, as was suggested...

2 Answers available

What additional workup would you perform to evaluate a new onset of spontaneous hemarthrosis?

Young adult male previously without bleeding diathesis and no family history. Platelet count, PT, and PTT are normal. Also normal factor 8, 9, 12, 7, ...

1 Answer available

What is your approach to counseling severely frail older adults regarding their planning for invasive life-sustaining therapy?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to initiating spironolactone in patients with end stage kidney disease and heart failure?

5 Answers available

How do you manage sleep disturbances in patients with Alzheimer’s disease without relying heavily on deliriogenic medications?

1 Answer available

Are there scenarios in which you would advise using benzodiazepines for the treatment of hyperactive delirium?

1 Answer available

Do you consider holding PPIs in patients hospitalized with infections like pneumonia or C diff colitis?

1 Answer available

Would you recommend early empirical anti-mold therapy for patients with severe influenza pneumonia admitted to the ICU to reduce the incidence of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis?

Hatzl et al., PMID 40971881

2 Answers available

In patients presenting with disabling acute ischemic stroke symptoms early in the therapeutic window, would you consider anticoagulation reversal to enable administration of intravenous thrombolytics?

2 Answers available

Do you have any concerns about lower extremity compression (e.g., compression stockings, intermittent pneumatic compression, etc.) worsening ascites in a patient with portal hypertension?

1 Answer available

How do you decide when to initiate or restart diuretics in a cirrhotic patient with ascites if they are receiving a therapeutic paracentesis?

2 Answers available

How do you evaluate for an ascending UTI in a patient with a urostomy?

Do you still find urinalysis helpful in this situation, or do you rely on more specific culture data, imaging studies, etc.?

1 Answer available

Do you routinely use two empiric antibiotics to cover for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the management of CF exacerbations?

5 Answers available

How do you choose among SSRIs and dosing strategies for the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia?

What factors might drive decisions for different SSRIs and/or doses?

1 Answer available

How long do you treat Staphylococcus aureus pyomyositis with antibiotics?

3 Answers available

Do you routinely adjust your interpretation of SLUMS and/or MOCA tests in patients depending on their level of education?

2 Answers available

What is the recommended fungal workup in an immunocompromised patient after 5 days of persistent fever?

Do you involve additional specialists, such as ENT, to further evaluate? Is there a particular algorithm followed by your institution, or is it just d...

3 Answers available

What medications are preferred and contraindicated for insomnia in patients with a recent stroke or traumatic brain injury?

2 Answers available

How do you counsel patients on the risks vs benefits of naltrexone for alcohol use disorder with persistently elevated liver enzymes?

Is there an absolute cutoff for AST/ALT that you use where the risks outweigh the potential harm reduction benefits of using the medication? &nbs...

2 Answers available

How do you typically manage a patient with a single positive blood culture from two sets growing Candida species in a stable patient without prosthetic devices or material?

5 Answers available

With OpenBiome no longer in operation, what is your current approach for obtaining FMT for inpatients with acute severe/fulminant C. difficile infection unresponsive to antibiotics?

1 Answer available

In what clinical scenario would you consider the use of budesonide over prednisone as part of the pharmacologic management of autoimmune hepatitis?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to the management of unprovoked distal DVTs?

Given the unprovoked nature, do you favor indefinite anticoagulation? Would a presentation with bilateral distal DVTs or other concerns for thrombophi...

2 Answers available

When giving albumin challenge, for acute kidney injury with suspected hepatorenal syndrome, do you administer a single dose daily or split the dose of albumin?

1 Answer available

Do you recommend IV sodium bicarbonate for patients with rhabdomyolysis and AKI without metabolic alkalosis or hypocalcemia?

4 Answers available

Do you prefer using unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin in stable patients presenting with NSTE ACS awaiting primary PCI (assuming normal renal function)?

2 Answers available

How do you approach ADT in patients with high-risk prostate cancer who have risk factors for VTE, such as Factor V Leiden?

1 Answer available

How do you manage anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapies with strong indications for uninterrupted therapy in setting of urgent procedures?

For example, anticoagulation for recent, significant PE or dual antiplatelet therapy for recent MI, but requiring urgent procedures such as biopsy of ...

4 Answers available

Would you biopsy calcified lung nodules and or lymphadenopathy that have shown stability over a 2-year period, in a bid to rule out sarcoidosis?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to the use of GLP-1 agonists in older adults with diabetes with or at risk of sarcopenia?

3 Answers available

How do you approach caring for patients admitted with decompensated CHF, but who also exhibit hypotension and do not have overt signs of hypervolemia on exam?

For example, do you consider "cautious" IV fluids or otherwise consider early vasopressors?

5 Answers available

How many days prior to surgery do you recommend stopping SGLT2 inhibitors and when is it safe to resume therapy?

2 Answers available

Do you recommend that your patients with COPD avoid gabapentin or pregabalin entirely, given the increased rate of exacerbations noted in patients on these medications?

Rahman et al., PMID 38224592

1 Answer available

Do you routinely use cefdinir for the treatment of common infections diagnosed in the outpatient setting such as CAP, uncomplicated UTIs?

1 Answer available

How would you manage a patient with necrotizing pneumonia due to a susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain who continues to have significant purulent secretions and worsening imaging while receiving cefepime?

3 Answers available

Do you have to extend treatment for acute Lyme disease if a patient is on high dose steroids for another indication?

2 Answers available

How can I incorporate neuromuscular ultrasound into my practice with limited prior experience?

1 Answer available

How do you determine whether to limit volume removal during therapeutic paracentesis in a patient without acute or chronic kidney disease?

3 Answers available

What is your approach to iron supplementation in patients with an active infection?

Are there situations in which you still feel comfortable giving IV iron? If not, do you consider PO iron?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to electrolyte repletion for patients hospitalized with cardiac and non-cardiac conditions?

For example, do you target K >4 and Mg >2?

2 Answers available

How soon after a fracture would it be safe to start anti-resorptive therapy?

2 Answers available

What are your thoughts on the results of the ALONE-AF trial and the safety profile of discontinuing anticoagulation post-ablation, provided there is no atrial arrhythmia recurrence?

If it's reasonable to stop anticoagulation, how frequently should patients be monitored for AFib/atrial arrhythmia recurrence?

1 Answer available

When do you consider using disulfiram in patients with alcohol use disorder?

In what patient populations would you consider using disulfiram (Antabuse) instead of, or in addition to, acamprosate or naltrexone? In your experienc...

6 Answers available

How do you use NT-proBNP in patients with chronic kidney disease or end-stage kidney disease, given that these conditions can affect NT-proBNP levels?

1 Answer available

Would you use oral cefixime as an alternative treatment for early syphilis in cases of benzathine penicillin G shortages?

Klementova et al., PMID 40795115

1 Answer available

Do you routinely recommend diagnostic endoscopy for patients with persistent enterococcus bacteremia despite receiving adequate antimicrobial therapy and no clear nidus?

Rogers & Rice, PMID 38018162

3 Answers available

What is your approach when a patient has concomitant acute decompensated heart failure and rapid atrial fibrillation?

Does your approach change depending on whether and how long the patient has been anticoagulated?

3 Answers available

Is there a role for functional medicine approaches in psychiatric treatment?

How do you critically assess the evidence base for functional medicine approaches? How do you respond when patients specifically request functional me...

1 Answer available

What are your preferred non-benzodiazepine therapies for the hyperactive/agitated phase of methamphetamine withdrawal, both in the hospital and in the office?

Assume QTc is not prolonged, electrolytes are reasonably normal, and the patient is not already on heavy psychotropic polypharmacy.

2 Answers available

How do you weigh the risk of urinary catheter or fecal management system placement with that of soiling sacral wounds?

If placed for this indication, how do you decide when to remove?

1 Answer available

When do you consider scheduled antiemetics in hospitalized patients experiencing severe nausea?

How do you monitor for prolonged QTc in this situation (i.e., telemetry, serial EKGs, etc.)?

1 Answer available

When do you recommend limited or targeted respiratory pathogen testing versus a full respiratory pathogen panel in a patient presenting with URI symptoms?

In other words, are there benefits to identifying URI pathogens that do not necessarily have targeted therapies (e.g., rhinovirus, non-COVID-19 Corona...

3 Answers available

Do you routinely recommend transition to dual PO antibiotic coverage for strep species and MRSA, for patients with purulent cellulitis and in the absence of culture data?

2 Answers available

What factors influence your decision to start salt tablets, urea, or a vaptan first in the management of a patient diagnosed with SIADH?

3 Answers available

For patients with newly diagnosed VTE on IV heparin planned for transition to DOAC, would you start at the loading or maintenance DOAC dose?

If they have been on IV heparin for 3 days, for example, would you subtract those days from the recommended loading dose time?

5 Answers available

Do you recommend initiating treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor or semaglutide first for a patient with obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

Would you initiate both medications at the same time?

1 Answer available

How do you approach balancing the risks and benefits of elective surgery with patients who have multiple co-morbidities (e.g., frailty, chronic kidney disease, and COPD), when standard risk calculators do not capture the full complexity of their condition?

2 Answers available

What are some practical tips for when a patient's consistently stated goals of care do not correlate with their actions?

For example, what do you do when someone requests aggressive, life-prolonging treatments but then is not receptive to elements of day-to-day care in t...

4 Answers available

How do you consider sending fungal studies in a patient with pneumonia?

When do you have consider sending them as part of your initial workup?

2 Answers available

How do you decide which IV opioid to use for symptom relief at the end of life?

1 Answer available

How do you decide which patients with upper GI bleeds should be monitored on telemetry?

1 Answer available

When can we consider deferring an insulin drip in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis?

If the patient does not have underlying diabetes, do the benefits of an insulin drip for this indication outweigh the risks?

2 Answers available

How many days prior to elective major surgery do you recommend holding oral GLP 1 R agonist therapy?

4 Answers available

Do you recommend fluid restriction in addition to other management strategies for patients with hyponatremia due to SIADH?

6 Answers available

How do you manage catheter-associated, upper extremity superficial venous thrombosis?

Do you prefer anticoagulation? Is there a role for aspirin? How strongly do you recommend line removal?

1 Answer available

How do you decide whether to include a basal rate when initiating a PCA?

How do you subsequently titrate it?

2 Answers available

Do you use MRSA nares PCR to influence antibiotic selection for non-respiratory infections?

1 Answer available

What are your thoughts on trending beta-hydroxybutyrate once a diagnosis of DKA is already established?

Do you find it helpful to monitor for treatment response, resolution, and/or recurrence?

1 Answer available

How do you decide whether or not to pursue inpatient workup of an incidental liver mass?

What clinical, system, and/or social factors play into this decision?

1 Answer available

How do you weigh the benefit of urinary catheter placement for strict I/O measurement with the risk of avoidable CAUTI?

How does your approach vary by indication (critical illness, acute renal failure, hyponatremia, diuresis, etc.)?

1 Answer available

How do you decide whether to use pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis?

How do factors like the presence of varices, severity of coagulopathy, etc., play into your decision?

2 Answers available

What is your stepwise approach to treating constipation in a patient with symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, decreased appetite, etc?

What do you start initially, and how do you go about escalating the regimen if constipation persists?

2 Answers available

What is your approach to discharge planning for a patient with chronic SIADH who is admitted with asymptomatic acute-on-chronic hyponatremia?

How do you establish an acceptable baseline serum sodium? How do you decide between non-pharmacological interventions, such as fluid restriction vs th...

1 Answer available

When do you consider using phenobarbital over symptom-driven alcohol withdrawal protocols for patients at low-to-moderate risk of withdrawal complications?

1 Answer available

How do you reconcile the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) with the diagnostic benefit of contrasted CT in patients with AKI/CKD?

Does your approach change with venous vs arterial contrast?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized patients who are already on DAPT?

Particularly with prolonged hospitalizations, do you have any concerns about exposing patients to bleeding risks associated with "triple therapy" even...

1 Answer available

How do you recommend incorporating B-lines on lung POCUS as part of evaluating a patient's volume status?

In particular, how do you reconcile situations where lung POCUS findings contradict other components of volume assessment (e.g. JVD, peripheral edema,...

1 Answer available

Do you routinely prescribe naloxone at discharge for patients with a known history of opioid use disorder?

2 Answers available

How do you manage gram-negative bacteremia in a patient with an aortic bypass graft, for whom there is low clinical suspicion for active graft infection?

Tabaja et al., PMID 38635420

1 Answer available

What is your process for considering alternative imaging modalities for cardiac imaging when POCUS is limited by patient conditions, such as emphysema or body habitus?

1 Answer available

How do you decide whether to place an NGT or PEG tube in patients with dysphagia precluding adequate PO nutritional intake?

Do you commonly use prognostic tools such as PRESS to aid in your decision?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to managing post-operative dysphagia following C-spine surgery?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to optimizing pre-operative hemoglobin in patients with sickle cell disease?

How do you decide between simple transfusion and red cell exchange?While the 2020 ASH Guidelines provide some conditional guidance on transfusion supp...

1 Answer available

What is your approach to a situation where DILI is suspected secondary to an important medication (e.g., anticoagulation, antibiotics, etc.), but the diagnosis is uncertain and the liver injury is relatively mild?

Are there situations in which you would continue the possible offending agent with close monitoring?

1 Answer available

Do 5HT4 agonists such as Metoclopramide actually lead to improvement in symptoms for patients with diabetes related gastroparesis?

1 Answer available

For patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure, do you wait until the patient is euvolemic before ordering a TTE?

If yes, what is the rationale?

1 Answer available

Do you routinely discontinue atypical coverage in community-acquired pneumonia when PCR testing (i.e., respiratory pathogen panel) is negative for atypical organisms?

2 Answers available

Would you start octreotide in a patient with suspected sulfonyurea overdose but without frank hypoglycemia?

1 Answer available

How do you decide on supportive care vs empiric antibiotics in a patient with suspected aspiration pneumonitis (i.e., witnessed macroaspiration event within the past 24 hours) but with features that could suggest pneumonia (e.g., acute respiratory distress, fever, leukocytosis, pulmonary infiltrates, etc.)?

1 Answer available

Is it clinically necessary to provide supplemental oxygen to patients with mild, asymptomatic hypoxemia only during activity while they are recovering from an acute respiratory illness?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to checking preoperative cardiac biomarkers such as troponin and BNP?

Do you find them more helpful as predictors of perioperative risk or as a baseline to detect post-operative adverse cardiac events?

2 Answers available

When do you consider using a paramedian approach for a lumbar puncture?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to managing incidental hypertension without evidence of end-organ damage in hospitalized patients?

How do you consider prn antihypertensives while admitted and/or adjusting a home antihypertensive regimen?

1 Answer available

How do you recommend counseling patients on the prognosis of advanced cancer as a generalist who is not highly specialized in cancer literature or cancer-directed therapies?

2 Answers available

What is your preferred laboratory test to assess treatment response or infection resolution in patients with bacterial pneumonia?

For example, do you find trending WBC, procalcitonin, CRP, etc., more or less helpful?

3 Answers available

At what point should you consider deactivating ICDs or implanted pacemakers in patients nearing the end of life but not imminently dying?

Should we consider this as a unique point during goal of care discussions, separate from code status, comfort measures only, etc.?

1 Answer available

Do you always stop dexamethasone at discharge for patients admitted with COVID requiring respiratory support (as done in the RECOVERY trial), or are there situations in which you will prescribe it to complete a 10-day course?

What situations prompt you to prescribe dexamethasone to complete a 10-day course at discharge?

1 Answer available

What is your typical approach to the use of beta blockers in the setting of recent cocaine use amongst patients presenting with cocaine-related MI, arrhythmias, or new-onset heart failure?

If these patients were already prescribed non-selective beta blockers outpatient, do you recommend withholding these medications in the acute phase?&n...

2 Answers available

How would you approach the management of a patient who develops an accelerated junctional rhythm who exhibits no symptoms and has no prior history of cardiac issues, aside from consulting a cardiologist?

What additional assessments and considerations would you suggest to comprehensively evaluate the underlying cause of the rhythm disturbance and ensure...

1 Answer available

Do you maintain a strict platelet threshold of >50k when performing a lumbar puncture, or are there situations in which you feel comfortable with a lower threshold?

While many US guidelines have supported a threshold of > 50k, there does not appear to be robust data to support it. Notably, the 2025 AABB and ICT...

1 Answer available

Would you continue or stop anticoagulation for a DVT/PE in a patient with active cancer who has completed 6 months of therapy?

Mahé et al., PMID 40162636

2 Answers available

Do you ever favor cefazolin over ceftriaxone for bacteremia with susceptible E. coli?

4 Answers available

What techniques do you find most helpful to optimize image acquisition for cardiac POCUS in patients with poor acoustic windows?

1 Answer available

What is the role of anticoagulation in patients with septic thrombophlebitis?

Would you be comfortable with the use of DOACs?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to distinguishing a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction from a delayed anaphylactoid reaction?

1 Answer available

Should long-acting subcutaneous insulin be started upfront in addition to regular insulin infusion for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

4 Answers available

Is there any benefit from oral vs topical steroids in herpes zoster opthalmicus?

Would the management change if there were complications with optic neuritis?

2 Answers available

Has your management of severe hyponatremia changed after a recent observational study described higher in-hospital mortality for sodium correction of <6 mEq/L compared to 6-10 mEq/L in the first 24 hours?

Seethapathy et al., PMID 38320180

5 Answers available

How would you approach the upfront management of a patient with acute unilateral vision loss with strong clinical risk factors for both cardioembolic stroke and GCA if an expedited MRI is not possible due to the presence of an AICD?

2 Answers available

How do you rule out spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in a patient with minimal ascites that is not amenable to paracentesis?

1 Answer available

Do you prefer scopolamine patches, glycopyrrolate, or other treatment regimens to manage oropharyngeal secretions at the end of life?

1 Answer available

What is your preferred first-line agent for VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients with adequate renal function?

Do you prefer heparin, enoxaparin, DOAC, or aspirin?

1 Answer available

What do you think about using conventional thoracic imaging methods (e.g., X-ray, CT, etc.) to determine if a pleural effusion is of adequate size to consider thoracentesis?

3 Answers available

How do you rule out empyema in a small pleural effusion that is not amenable to thoracentesis?

How would you decide on the duration of antibiotics in this case?

1 Answer available

Would you consider using steroids in patients with respiratory failure caused by aspiration pneumonitis?

1 Answer available

How do you decide when, if ever, to defer pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for hospitalized patients?

Do you use prophylaxis universally or based on risk scores?

1 Answer available

When would you consider long-term cardiac monitoring to look for atrial fibrillation in patients with mitral stenosis given their baseline elevated risk for atrial fibrillation and thrombosis?

2 Answers available

What is your approach to duration of fidaxomicin in a patient receiving treatment for first C difficile infection while also receiving concurrent antibiotics for an infection?

Do you extend the course of fidaxomicin past initial 10 days to at least 3-7 days after completion of antibiotics?

1 Answer available

When do you consider using aspirin 81 mg PO BID for VTE prophylaxis over other agents in patients with a fracture, considering recent trial data?

O'Toole et al., PMID 36652352

1 Answer available

What adjunctive therapies beyond an antisecretory agent (e.g., PPI, H2RA, etc.) do you find most helpful in managing the acute symptoms of PUD?

For example, do you routinely supplement with calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, simethicone, sucralfate, etc.?

1 Answer available

How do you decide if patients without contraindications should receive IV fluids during the pre-operative period if they are undergoing surgery during their hospitalization?

In other words, do you consider administering pre-operative IV fluids routinely or only under specific circumstances?

2 Answers available

Under what circumstances do you recommend POCUS guidance for lumbar puncture?

2 Answers available

How do you decide the maximum amount of volume to remove during a therapeutic thoracentesis?

Do you use the traditional strict limit of 1.5 L, or do you consider removing more volume if a patient appears to tolerate it?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to managing concurrent severe SIADH and large-volume malignant ascites when aggressive volume removal appears to exacerbate both symptoms and hyponatremia?

For example, would you consider alternatives to paracentesis (Denver shunt placement, CART therapy, or permanent tunneled catheters) that might better...

1 Answer available

How do you decide whether to use lung POCUS versus CT as the next step when a chest X-ray is equivocal for pneumonia?

3 Answers available

How do you think about deferring VTE prophylaxis versus implementing non-pharmacologic methods when chemical prophylaxis is contraindicated?

For example, do you think the benefits of sequential compression devices outweigh the risk of falls, delirium, etc.?

1 Answer available

In patients with confirmed hypercortisolism with a high/normal unsuppressed ACTH who have both a pituitary adenoma and adrenal adenoma identified on imaging, can you reliably use DHEA-S to determine the source of cortisol production?

2 Answers available

What is your risk/benefit analysis when deciding on the appropriateness and timing for discontinuation of systemic anticoagulation in patients who underwent ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with CHADS2VASc score >2?

1 Answer available

How do you use cardiac POCUS to potentially defer formal echocardiogram in patients presenting with an acute pulmonary embolism?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to secondary prophylaxis for C difficile infection during concomitant antibiotic use in a patient with a history of C difficile infection?

1 Answer available

What duration of antibiotic therapy do you use for a loculated parapneumonic effusion that does not meet criteria for empyema?

6 Answers available

Do you recommend routinely monitoring pancreatic markers such as amylase and lipase while receiving GLP1 R agonist or dual agonist therapies to determine their risk of pancreatitis?

2 Answers available

Would you supplement iron for low iron studies in absence of anemia?

Primary care providers often check iron studies during workup for fatigue, even if anemia is not present.

2 Answers available

How do you approach the work-up for a patient with iron deficiency anemia who is not responding to oral iron therapy?

Presuming good medication adherence.

1 Answer available

What is your strategy to prevent and treat constipation in patients initiating or receiving opioids?

What non-pharmacological interventions do you recommend? Do you routinely prescribe prophylactic laxatives to patients initiating opioids? How do you ...

3 Answers available

How do you approach the management of a patient with symptomatic iron deficiency anemia who is intolerant of iron?

Such as a patient who cannot tolerate oral iron and has had a anaphylaxis to intravenous iron

4 Answers available

Papers discussed in this category

European journal of pharmacology, 2006 Dec 12

Intravenous heparin in combination with antibiotics for the treatment of deep vein septic thrombophlebitis: a systematic review.

Microbes and infection, 2024 May 06

Secondary prophylaxis for Clostridioides difficile infection for patients on non-C. difficile antibiotics: a retrospective cohort study.

The American journal of medicine, 2016-05

Diagnosing and Treating the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2018-07-06

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Rapid Correction of Severe Hyponatremia.

Journal of critical care, 2023 May 13

Effects of correction rate for severe hyponatremia in the intensive care unit on patient outcomes.

The Journal of urology, 1992-06

Functional obstructive uropathy: a significant factor in the hyponatremia of psychogenic polydipsia?

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2025 Feb 27

2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Kidney international, 2019-04

Safety and cardiovascular efficacy of spironolactone in dialysis-dependent ESRD (SPin-D): a randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple dosage trial.

Kidney360, 2023 Feb 10

Effects of Spironolactone on Arrhythmias in Hemodialysis Patients: Secondary Results of the SPin-D Randomized Controlled Trial.

Frontiers in medicine, 2022 Mar 17

Safety and Efficacy of Spironolactone in Dialysis-Dependent Patients: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The international journal of cardiovascular imaging, 2021 Feb 05

The effect of spironolactone on diastolic function in haemodialysis patients.

Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2015 Jul 30

Long-Term Effects of Low-Dose Spironolactone on Chronic Dialysis Patients: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.

Kidney international, 2019 Jan 31

A randomized controlled trial of the effect of spironolactone on left ventricular mass in hemodialysis patients.

Circulation research, 2020 Jun 18

Population-Based Screening for Atrial Fibrillation.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024 Aug 29

Effect of Screening for Undiagnosed Atrial Fibrillation on Stroke Prevention.

The European respiratory journal, 2020 Apr 21

EAN/ERS/ESO/ESRS statement on the impact of sleep disorders on risk and outcome of stroke.

Journal of sleep research, 2023 Jul 05

Improving sleep after stroke: A randomised controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia.

N Engl J Med,

Intrapleural use of tissue plasminogen activator and DNase in pleural infection.

American journal of hematology, 2024 Jan 29

Expert consensus guidelines: Intravenous iron uses, formulations, administration, and management of reactions.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2009-11-01

Cystic fibrosis pulmonary guidelines: treatment of pulmonary exacerbations.

Open forum infectious diseases, 2017

Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Cotrimoxazole) for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including Impetigo, Cellulitis, and Abscess.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014 Jul 15

Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023 Oct 13

Antibiotic Myths for the Infectious Diseases Clinician.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014 Feb 03

Factors that cause trimethoprim resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013-06

Clinical trial: comparative effectiveness of cephalexin plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus cephalexin alone for treatment of uncomplicated cellulitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2012 Apr

Albumin infusion in patients undergoing large-volume paracentesis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

JAMA, 2012-01-11

Serum potassium levels and mortality in acute myocardial infarction.

Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2015 Aug

Dysmagnesemia in Hospitalized Patients: Prevalence and Prognostic Importance.

Circulation, 2017 Oct 03

Update to Practice Standards for Electrocardiographic Monitoring in Hospital Settings: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Heart rhythm, 2017 Oct 30

2017 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society.

The New England journal of medicine, 2025 Aug 29

Increasing the Potassium Level in Patients at High Risk for Ventricular Arrhythmias.

The New England journal of medicine, 2023 Jan 19

Aspirin or Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Thromboprophylaxis after a Fracture.

JAMA, 2022 Aug 23

Effect of Aspirin vs Enoxaparin on Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: The CRISTAL Randomized Trial.

Critical care medicine, 2017-12

Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Performed by Pulmonary Critical Care Physicians for Right Ventricle Assessment in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Journal of palliative medicine, 2012-02

Systematic review of cancer presentations with a median survival of six months or less.

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2022 Mar 23

Post-Acute Care Outcomes and Functional Status Changes of Adults with New Cancer Discharged to Skilled Nursing Facilities.

Palliative medicine, 2022 Jul

The utility of the surprise question: A useful tool for identifying patients nearing the last phase of life? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012-09

Subcutaneous administration of glargine to diabetic patients receiving insulin infusion prevents rebound hyperglycemia.

Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2019-05-01

A Retrospective Study of Early vs Delayed Home Dose Basal Insulin in the Acute Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Current diabetes reviews, 2021

Evaluation of Early Administration of Insulin Glargine in the Acute Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2015 May 25

Prospective randomized trial of insulin glargine in acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department: a pilot study.

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015 May 01

Effectiveness of Insulin Glargine on Recovery of Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022 Dec 20

Effectiveness and safety of early insulin glargine administration in combination with continuous intravenous insulin infusion in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis: A randomized controlled trial.

International journal of pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology, 1991 Nov-Dec

Hyperlipidemia in acute pancreatitis. Relationship with etiology, onset, and severity of the disease.

N Engl J Med, 2021 Aug 27

Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction.

JACC. Heart failure, 2022 Mar

Baseline Characteristics of Patients With HF With Mildly Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction: DELIVER Trial.

The New England journal of medicine, 2023 Aug 25

Semaglutide in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity.

The New England journal of medicine, 2024 Nov 16

Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2023 Apr 19

2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Management of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee.

Annals of emergency medicine, 2006-01

Prevalence of negative chest radiography results in the emergency department patient with decompensated heart failure.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2019-01

Ultrasound-assisted Lumbar Punctures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neurology. Clinical practice, 2020 Aug

Ultrasound-guided lumbar puncture improves success rate and efficiency in overweight patients.

Cureus, 2020 Nov 18

Feel It, See It, Get It: Is Internal Medicine Residents' Use of Ultrasound in Lumbar Puncture Associated With Higher Success Rate?

European journal of endocrinology, 2023 Aug 02

Effect of protein supplementation on plasma sodium levels in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis: a monocentric, open-label, proof-of-concept study-the TREASURE study.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR, 2024 Jun

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Workup of Pleural Effusion or Pleural Disease.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2010-02

Differentiation of pleural effusions from parenchymal opacities: accuracy of bedside chest radiography.

The New England journal of medicine, 2023 Aug 17

Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Thorax, 2009 Oct

BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: update 2009.

The American journal of medicine, 1991 Aug 08

Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with sucralfate: a review.

Gut, 1990 Jul

Sucralfate in the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcer: multicentre double blind placebo controlled study.

Journal of cardiac failure, 2021 Oct

Heart Failure-Related Cardiogenic Shock: Pathophysiology, Evaluation and Management Considerations: Review of Heart Failure-Related Cardiogenic Shock.

JAMA, 1989 Feb 10

The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure.

Chest, 2001-02

Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: an American College of Chest Physicians Delphi consensus statement.

Medicine, 2022 Aug 19

Value of ultrasonography in determining the nature of pleural effusion: Analysis of 582 cases.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2018 Aug 01

Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy for Acute Aspiration Pneumonitis.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021 Oct 05

Community-acquired Pneumonia Guideline Recommendations-Impact of a Consensus-based Process versus Systematic Reviews.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2019 Oct 01

Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia. An Official Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America.

JACC. Heart failure, 2024 Aug 31

Natriuretic Peptides, Kidney Function, and Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Blood Adv, 2020 Jan 28

American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: transfusion support.

JAMA internal medicine, 2021 Mar 01

Treatment and Outcomes of Inpatient Hypertension Among Adults With Noncardiac Admissions.

Lancet (London, England), 2018 Apr 26

Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

NEJM evidence, 2023 Jun 27

Oxygen Therapy Part 2 - Indications and Toxicity.

European journal of anaesthesiology, 2019 Oct

Ultrasound-assisted vs. landmark-guided paramedian spinal anaesthesia in the elderly: A randomised controlled trial.

Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2022 Apr 11

Ultrasound-assisted spinal anesthesia: A randomized comparison between midline and paramedian approaches.

The New England journal of medicine, 2025 Mar 29

Extended Reduced-Dose Apixaban for Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism.

Circulation, 2021 Oct 04

Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Circulation, 2024 Sep 24

2024 AHA/ACC/ACS/ASNC/HRS/SCA/SCCT/SCMR/SVM Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

The New England journal of medicine, 2021 Mar 04

A Randomized Trial of Albumin Infusions in Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022 Dec 17

Inpatient Zoledronic Acid and Integrated Orthopedic and Fracture Liaison Services Improve Osteoporosis Treatment Rates.

J Bone Miner Res, 2024 Aug 21

Zoledronic acid for hip fracture during initial hospitalization.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2023 Oct 18

Safety of Inpatient Zoledronic Acid in the Immediate Postfracture Setting.

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology, 2024 Apr 10

Safety of naltrexone in patients with cirrhosis.

The New England journal of medicine, 1980 Nov 13

A study of induced hyponatremia in the prevention and treatment of sickle-cell crisis.

Scientific reports, 2025 Jun 03

Incidence and risk factors of dysphagia after cervical laminoplasty.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2023 Feb 27

The SQuID protocol (subcutaneous insulin in diabetic ketoacidosis): Impacts on ED operational metrics.

Diabetes care, 2022 Feb 01

Controversies Around the Measurement of Blood Ketones to Diagnose and Manage Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Diabetologia, 2024 Jun 22

Hyperglycaemic crises in adults with diabetes: a consensus report.

Journal of hospital medicine, 2025 Jul 21

Putting SQuID on the menu: A subcutaneous insulin protocol for diabetic ketoacidosis.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2024 Sep 23

SQuID (subcutaneous insulin in diabetic ketoacidosis) II: Clinical and operational effectiveness.

The American journal of psychiatry, 2016-05-01

Heterogeneity of Treatment Response to Citalopram for Patients With Alzheimer's Disease With Aggression or Agitation: The CitAD Randomized Clinical Trial.

The American journal of psychiatry, 2016-05-01

Effects of Citalopram on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Dementia: Evidence From the CitAD Study.

JAMA, 2014 Feb 19

Effect of citalopram on agitation in Alzheimer disease: the CitAD randomized clinical trial.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2023 Mar 03

Comparative efficacy and safety of antidepressant therapy for the agitation of dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2020

The Efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in the Treatment of Depression and Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease: The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP).

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2025 Apr 28

Treatment of Inappropriate Sexual Behavior in Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2021 Mar 08

GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for older people with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of diabetes, 2025 Jun

Monitoring Sarcopenia With Incretin Receptor Activator Treatment.

Annals of internal medicine, 2021 Nov 23

Risk for Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Subsegmental Pulmonary Embolism Managed Without Anticoagulation : A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

The New England journal of medicine, 2023 Oct 19

The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2024 Sep 27

Hyponatraemia-treatment standard 2024.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2010 Nov

A risk assessment model for the identification of hospitalized medical patients at risk for venous thromboembolism: the Padua Prediction Score.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2022 Aug 10

Thromboprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism prevention in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH.

Blood advances, 2018-11-27

American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prophylaxis for hospitalized and nonhospitalized medical patients.

Blood Adv,

American Society of Hematology 2021 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention and treatment in patients with cancer.

Lancet Oncol, 2015 Feb 19

High-dose radiotherapy with short-term or long-term androgen deprivation in localised prostate cancer (DART01/05 GICOR): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

European urology, 2022 Apr 22

High-dose Radiotherapy or Androgen Deprivation Therapy (HEAT) as Treatment Intensification for Localized Prostate Cancer: An Individual Patient-data Network Meta-analysis from the MARCAP Consortium.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2020 Sep 03

Lifestyle Moderates Genetic Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: The ARIC Study.

The Lancet. Oncology, 2010 Apr 13

Risk of thromboembolic diseases in men with prostate cancer: results from the population-based PCBaSe Sweden.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2022 Mar 16

Association of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Therapies With Venous Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Prostate Cancer: A National Cohort Study.

Cancer, 2015 Jul 06

Prostate cancer, comorbidity, and the risk of venous thromboembolism: A cohort study of 44,035 Danish prostate cancer patients, 1995-2011.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2024 Jun 12

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia: Expert Review.

American family physician, 2022 Sep

Risk of Infection With Intravenous Iron Infusion.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024 Jun 25

Intravenous Iron Repletion for Patients With Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2019 Sep 1

Microbiological Laboratory Testing in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Pulmonary and Critical Care Practice. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Chest, 2023 Oct 07

A Diagnostic Approach to Fungal Pneumonia: An Infectious Diseases Perspective.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2024 Mar 05

Guide to Utilization of the Microbiology Laboratory for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: 2024 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM).

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020 Aug 22

Determining the Utility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nares Screening in Antimicrobial Stewardship.

JAMA, 2025 Sep 15

Superficial Vein Thrombosis: A Review.

Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery, 2024 Oct 29

Multisociety clinical practice guidance for the safe use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the perioperative period.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2025 Aug 07

Cefixime versus benzathine penicillin G for the treatment of early syphilis-a randomized, controlled open label trial.

JAMA, 2020 Nov 03

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2022 Nov 23

Rivaroxaban treatment for six weeks versus three months in patients with symptomatic isolated distal deep vein thrombosis: randomised controlled trial.

Circulation, 2023 Nov 30

2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

JAMA, 2025 Oct 14

Long-Term Anticoagulation Discontinuation After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: The ALONE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial.

PloS one, 2021 Jun 24

Discontinuation of oral anticoagulation therapy after successful atrial fibrillation ablation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

The New England journal of medicine, 1985-04-04

Successful parenteral penicillin therapy of established Lyme arthritis.

The Laryngoscope, 2017-06

Steroid use in Lyme disease-associated facial palsy is associated with worse long-term outcomes.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2020 Nov 29

Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), American Academy of Neurology (AAN), and American College of Rheumatology (ACR): 2020 Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Lyme Disease.

Muscle & nerve, 2012-08

Evidence-based guideline: neuromuscular ultrasound for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Muscle Nerve, 2024 Mar

Neuromuscular ultrasound: Impact on diagnosis and management.

Muscle & nerve, 2018 Sep 11

Neuromuscular ultrasound in electrically non-localizable ulnar neuropathy.

Neurology, 2014 Aug 27

Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic ultrasound in the diagnosis of phrenic neuropathy.

Critical care (London, England), 2013-09-23

Pleural ultrasonography versus chest radiography for the diagnosis of pneumothorax: review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Journal of hospital medicine, 2018-01-01

Vascular Ultrasonography: A Novel Method to Reduce Paracentesis Related Major Bleeding.

Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases, 2012 Feb 02

Thoracic ultrasound demonstrates variable location of the intercostal artery.

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.), 2013 Aug

Physician-performed ultrasound can accurately screen for a vulnerable intercostal artery prior to chest drainage procedures.

The American journal of emergency medicine, 2015 Jul 06

Feasibility of sonographic localization of the inferior epigastric artery before ultrasound-guided paracentesis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2014-03-21

Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease.

Translational psychiatry, 2022 Apr 01

Sleep in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of polysomnographic findings.

Journal of sleep research, 2020 Dec 02

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to enhance sleep in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.

Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society, 2016 Jan 27

Mirtazapine does not improve sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.

European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2022 Dec 01

Effects of quetiapine on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

CNS drugs, 2024 Aug 09

Effects of Trazodone on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2024 Aug 16

Source Control and Antibiotics in Intra-Abdominal Infections.

General Hospital Medicine

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