Medical Oncology

Genitourinary Cancers   

Questions discussed in this category


Do you insist on ambulatory/home blood pressures to rule in/out white coat hypertension? Does your practice have a system to log patients' BPs to supp...

Only the mCRPC population was included in the Fizazi et al. study, but the FDA approval is for prevention of skeletal related events from any solid tu...

What were your “top 3” presentations/studies coming out of the meeting this year and how will it impact your own clinical prac...

Which patients specifically benefit from both mpMRI and PET-PSMA?

In non-FGFR mutated patients, would you use cisplatin/gemcitabine or sacituzimab govitecan at this point?

Are there any precautions or pre-medications that may permit this treatment in patients who are fit for therapy but have exhausted all other treatment...

How would it change your risk group or management? Does Decipher help further inform treatment?

Many options for vasomotor symptoms of menopause do not work well for men on ADT. However, fezolinetant is a neurokinin B blocker, so theoretically, s...

I have a pair of patients with MRI+ and biopsy+ disease who have staging PSMA PET/CT that do not show disease within the prostate (or anywhere else).&...

When (if ever) would you consider immune checkpoint inhibitor up front? Would you be less inclined to offer triple drug therapy? (Some thought that ta...

Given the FDA approvals for PARP inhibitors and combinations in mCRPC, when do you obtain NGS for mCRPC? Do you have a preferred assay?

This would be for the "locally advanced unresectable" indication. Consider an older patient who is not eligible for NAC nor TMT due to nodal disease a...

Are there any chemotherapy regimens that can be used in elderly patients with poor PS who are not candidates for BEP?

If baseline testosterone is at castrate levels (e.g. <50), would you consider patient to have castrate-resistant disease?

For instance, do you factor availability of RNAseq, inclusion of normal blood controls, and QNS rates into your decision?

How are you incorporating CONTACT-03 data presented at #ASCO2023 (Pal et al., PMID 37290461) into your practice? Would you consider immunotherapy re-c...

Galsky criteria are for metastatic disease, can they be relaxed in localized MIBC setting given curative intent of therapy? 

In particular, in the modern era of multi-parametric prostate MRI and PSMA-PET, certain findings such as EPE, SVI, or pelvic lymphadenopathy may be no...

24 months ADT + abiraterone + definitive RT is indicated for cN1 disease but not for pN1 disease per NCCN. Can the data be extrapolated to this popula...

Notably, the patient presented with renal failure due to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis, receives hemodialysis, and has limited systemic opti...

Pretreatment PSA 25.3 with Gleason 4+3=7 and MRI suspicious for ECE. Eight months after pelvic nodal and prostate XRT to 79 Gy, PSA is 5.02 (down from...

A recent NCBD analysis (Rusthoven et al., PMID 27325855) suggests that the addition of prostate RT significantly improves survival compared to AD...

Specifically if metastatic risk estimate approached the failure rate in control arm of STAMPEDE for high-risk non-metastatic disease (69% MFS at 6 yea...

Please specify how your institution is allocating resources now or will be soon.

Based on GI regimen or urothelial carcinoma regimens?

Would you biopsy lymph node to confirm recurrence/histology?  If confirmed, how do you decide between RT vs chemotherapy? If chemo - BEP x3 vs E...

Assume the patient is not a candidate for surgery. What dose would you use? Would you recommend a lower dose to not damage the patient's kidney functi...

If the patient received <2 months of immunotherapy, would you continue immunotherapy alone or transition to enfortumab monotherapy or EV+Pembro?

What imaging modality do you use (conventional, PSMA PET, etc.)? When do you image (ex: a PSA threshold or PSADT)?

Would you consider using an IO-based treatment or move on to TKI? Does the presence of sarcomatoid or rhabdoid features impact your approach?

Are you waiting for BCG to become available or are you using other bridging therapies such as pembrolizumab?

Do you wait for radiographic progression? What is your preferred imaging modality for re-staging?

How do you decide between downstaging chemotherapy or upfront concurrent chemoradiotherapy? Both are listed as NCCN options. 

For a patient, who has received SBRT & WBRT for CNS disease, is there a role of autoSCT and HD-chemo in this setting (no residual extra-CNS diseas...

Current NCCN guidelines recommended not combining relugolix with these agents until more data is available.  Any drug interaction concerns or ot...

General recommendations on dose and management presuming unresectable. 

Would surgical margins, evidence of angiolymphatic spread, number of lymph nodes removed during surgery inform your decision? 

If the patient has had prior prostate radiation and is not a surgical candidate, would you treat with systemic therapy alone? What is the natural his...

Confirmed no urothelial carcinoma and muscle in specimen without involvement. 

Would you avoid combination with TKI given possible higher risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw?

Is there concern for increased toxicity from erdafitinib following avelumab similar to osimertinib toxicity following pembrolizumab in NSCLC? Does FGF...

Would you treat with ADT if no metastatic disease? Does absolute PSA (e.g. PSA<2) inform decision?

If so, do you use it for all patients or only cisplatin doses >= 70 mg/m2? What dose of mannitol do you use?

Additional imaging of the potential lesions, biopsy or assume negative given normal PSMA PET/CT. 

Or would you proceed with cabazitaxel or other therapy? Initial chemo-hormonal therapy was ADT + Docetaxel x6 cycles.Docetaxel rechallenge at time of ...

Do you find the ibPFS endpoint sufficient to change practice for any or all patients, or will you await OS or other data/trials?

For example, in a patient on steroids for CNS or spinal metastases - would you use IO-IO vs IO-TKI or TKI monotherapy?

If yes, would you directly add olaparib at progression on abiraterone vs waiting to use abi/olaparib at a later line of therapy?

Would you offer adjuvant radiation? (Dose? Target?) vs Salvage? Would you add ADT? Would you add abiraterone? Would the number of lymph nodes involv...

Patient has ED unresponsive to cialis/viagra; would you recommend testosterone replacement therapy?

What were your “top 3” presentations/studies coming out of the meeting this year and how will it impact your own clinical practice?

At what PSA would you become suspicious for biochemical recurrence and pursue restaging? Is there a threshold value? What imaging modality would you ...

NCCN states to consider adjuvant chemotherapy similar to muscle invasive bladder cancer in this scenario, but one would avert adjuvant chemotherapy in...

Would you use it for initial staging or at time of biochemical recurrence?

If radiation, what type? EBRT or brachytherapy? Any other techniques you would recommend, such as rectal balloon? 

The Intergroup 0162 trial did not demonstrate noninferiority, although OS difference only 5.1 vs. 5.8 yrs.  Would pattern of spread affect your d...

Does this raise concerns about the efficacy of adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition? Are any preliminary results from AMBASSADOR (adjuvant pembrolizu...

Weekly (20 mg/m2 D1, D2) and q 3 wks (70 mg/m2 x 3c or 100 mg/m2 x 3c) regimens have all been listed as acceptable.  For reference, RTOG 97&...

The forest plot from CheckMate 274 did not show a benefit for such patients? How would you select between adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant nivoluma...

VIP can be considered, but given complex psychosocial issues and limited community cancer treatment resources, this question is being asked. 

Would you consider boosting the nodes?  What dose?  Would this change your recommendation for length of ADT?  

Would you consider chemotherapy, androgen blockade or triple therapy (chemo and AR targeting)?

NCCN guidelines state check at baseline and then as clinically indicated. Some other sources state, can check prior to each cycle of BEP?  What ...

Do you think adjuvant nivolumab should be the new standard of care based on current CM274 DFS data? If OS turns out to be no different, will you still...

HCG 850, AFP normal, LDH ~500 pre-orchiectomy.  If tumor thrombus, would you favor 4c of BEP? Would you try biopsy it? How common is IVC thrombu...

How does prior chemotherapy, site of disease, and pathological staging inform your decision? How about molecular markers (PD-L1, ctDNA)?

Is a 3 month delay too long in someone who had postoperative complications?

Are there clinical features (post-op PSA, Decipher score, pN+, pT3, etc) that would inform your decision?

Do you worry about false negatives on PET, CT, MRI if ADT is started before the scan? Scheduling scans can sometimes book 2-4 weeks out. 

Do you observe, offer adjuvant pembrolizumab, or give a first-line metastatic regimen (IO/IO or IO/TKI)? Does your recommendation vary based on risk c...

Is there a role of EBRT to the prostate with extended fields to cover the retroperitoneal nodes plus ADT (definitive therapy) or would you treat as ca...

PSA rose from 25 to 30 ng/mL over 6 months on darolutamide for M0 CRPC, prompting scans which showed oligometastatic disease to bone, not amenable to ...

How do you weigh the various efficacy endpoints in the trials of novel combinations in ccRCC?  Are there specific clinical populations that you ...

What is your approach to a patient who underwent surgery for what was thought to be a thymoma, but ended up being a pure seminoma? No disease elsewher...

Would you think differently about chemotherapy based on %teratoma or size of lymph nodes vs number of lymph nodes (eg. multiple small LN vs single 2-5...

Or with other available IO/TKI combinations should this be strictly reserved for intermediate/high risk patients only?  If selecting IO/TKI, do ...

If any clinical benefit (ie. CR, PR or SD) would you consider switch maintenance avelumab, surveillance until progression, or an alternate regimen?

Molecular profiling revealed no targetable alterations, however tumor mutational burden was >10 mut/Mb.

Do you select treatment based on toxicity profile since efficacy of regimens will likely never be directly compared? Are there QOL indices that can ...

Patient has progression of liver metastases while on pembrolzumab/axitinib. ECOG PS 1 and limited comorbidities.

GS 4+4. PSA low (1-2). CT and bone scan negative for lymphadenopathy or metastatic disease.  Prostate MRI pending. 

The recommended concurrent chemotherapy regimens (cisplatin/paclitaxel and cisplatin/FU) in NCCN are based on BID fractionation of radiation as in RTO...

How would non-regional adenopathy change management? What about poor surgical candidacy?

Would you recommend surgery first or neoadjuvant therapy such as concurrent cisplatin/RT or another regimen?

Did you change your practice given the SRE results in the control arm of EORTC 1333 at ASCO 2021? When using bisphosphonates or denosumab, what dosin...

Would radical prostatectomy and PLND suffice or would a cystectomy be warranted (even in the absence of bladder involvement) as well? 

If no direct invasion into prostate from bladder or urethra, is there any role for systemic therapy?

Does patient age effect your approach? Would you consider RPLND for any patients in light of the phase II SEMS trial presented at the 2021 ASCO GU Ca...

Do prior treatments for mHSPC change your thinking on whether or not to use sipuleucel-T?

In reviewing the data, LDH does not upstage to intermediate risk but those patients tend to do worse. Would one treat this patient as intermediate ri...

Is DFS benefit in KN-564 in ASCO2021 sufficient evidence to change practice?

Given long term data from Keynote 052 for pembrolizumab presented at ASCO 2021. What factors impact your treatment decisions? For cis-ineligible PD-...

Would you radiate? Surgery? Chemo? Follow with short interval scans? How would size of adenopathy (e.g. <2cm vs larger) and time of recurrence (wi...

What clinicopathological features would need to be present for you to recommend adjuvant chemotherapy? Would you treat pT3 disease? Any specific histo...

Specifically, would you offer salvage radiation to a patient who underwent a prostatectomy with PLND and had a post-op PSA of 12 with pathology reveal...

What would your treatment approach be- surgery or chemoRT? What is your preferred chemo regimen? Is there a % threshold other than 100% (e.g. 95%) th...

There was an abstract in European J of Cancer (Srinivasan R, 2014:50: S6, P8) showing a good response rate with Bevacizumab and Erlotinib. Would you u...

Is the short time to recurrence a reason to not consider definitive management with surgery/radiation? Should systemic therapy be added if pursuing d...

Specifically, for cT2N0M0 small cell bladder cancer without response to neoadjuvant cisplatin and etoposide on imaging, would you proceed with cystect...

For patients who have progressed on first line checkpoint inhibitor (e.g. Nivo/Ipi) and second line TKI (e.g. Cabozantinib) 

What systemic therapy options are available for ESRD patients?

What clinical scenario(s) do you find results to be the most beneficial?

Is there a role for neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy? Do patients with sarcomatoid histology respond to checkpoint inhibitors?

No actionable mutation on NGS testing. What approved therapy do you prefer? Are there specific investigational agents currently in clinical trial...

If no testicular mass on exam or ultrasound - is there a role for orchiectomy? What chemotherapy regimen would you use and how many cycles?

For example, is there any data to suggest a benefit to starting with immunotherapy prior to TKI or the alternative?

Assuming patient received appropriate local therapy for brain metastases, which agent would you use?

Is there any specific precautions or concerns to consider with TKI initiation if the patient has vasogenic edema?

(assuming that the patient is int-poor risk, has measurable disease outside of the CNS, warrants treatment with appropriate PS)

What is the time window in which you would consider adding AR targeted therapy? Is there a time frame in which you would NOT consider introducing sin...

Do you prefer surgery vs radiation? For surgical patients, do you offer neoadjuvant chemotherapy? If so what regimen? 

Is there an optimal strategy to minimize unnecesary steroid use?For example, pre-treatment dexamethasone or 3 day dexamethasone? Prednisone only conti...

Is there data and FDA approval for this indication? What about for nodal failure after radiation? 

An ASCO 2020 poster from the German Testicular Cancer Study Group found that 37% of CSIS seminoma and nonseminoma were miscatagorized resulting in ina...

Should treatment be based on current histology (rhabdomyosarcoma) or origin (germ cell)?

There are conflicting reports of increased incidence of bleomycin-induced lung toxicity with G-CSF.

Would you forego neoadjuvant chemotherapy? Are you using growth factor support differently? Any changes to immunotherapy? Other considerations?

How would a much higher risk cancer affect decision making? How would you treat him? 

Abstract 5014 at ASCO annual meeting 2019 showed superiority of PSMA-PET imaging over fluciclovine-PET imaging.  Are you utilizing these speciali...

Do you offer EPO and TPO support? Do you modify your systemic therapy up front or after subsequent cycles?

In the SPARTAN trial, median PSA at study entry was ~ 7. Does the MFS benefit extend to patients with low PSA(< 2 or < 1)?

For instance, if the fluclicovine scan shows a few small avid nodes not only in the pelvis but extending to the paraaortic region, would you treat the...

NCCN include active surveillance as an option in specific circumstances based on Rini et al. (Lancet Oncology 2016) however this set is not well defin...

Would you treat with chemoimmunotherapy based on IMvigor130 data presented at ESMO Congress 2019?

e.g. lymph node metastasis, presence of tumor involving the peritoneal surfaces and/or the abdominal wall. If so, which regimen would you offer?

i.e. gross disease on scans that is too diffuse to be removed completely and/or decreasing but not normal markers Do you pursue close surveillance, s...

Specifically, would you consider utilizing sodium thiosulfate in adults based on the pediatric data from Brock et al. NEJM 2018?

How do you assess risk of tumor lysis syndrome, and is hydration sufficient or should hypouricemic agents be used as well?

What would be a safe dose for ifosfamide and how would you time with HD? Alternatively, would you recommend a different regimen? What about using neoa...

UpToDate indicates that VIP is an alternative to BEP for men who are not candidates for bleomycin, and that one criteria for not being such a candidat...

Patient has small cell carcinoma of the bladder with extensive hepatic metastases. Would you extrapolate the approach from IMpower133?

Should cystectomy remain standard of care? (Recently debated in JAMA Oncology: http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2520055...

In a patient with a prior response to ADT and progression on taxane and platinum chemotherapy, would you consider AR directed therapy?

Per the ALSYMPCA study, they excluded patients with > 3cm lymphadenopathy. Patient is currently on enzalutamide and leuprolide and refuses docetaxe...

Would you give chemotherapy concurrently with radiation? Would you change your radiation dose?

Does the STAMPEDE trial, showing a survival benefit with the addition of docetaxel to standard treatment, change the standard of care for high risk, n...

Would you offer definitive management with radiation and ADT? Or systemic therapy alone such as with ADT+abiraterone?

ENZAMET and TITAN trials published at ASCO 2019 show benefit to both 2nd generation AR antagonists when compared to placebo but wondering how this wil...

Are there any patient and/or pathologic features that would lend you to considering IL-2 over other approved I/O or TKI therapies?

Arterial events have clear instructions to permanently discontinue on the FDA label.  Especially in HCC without many other treatment options, giv...

In light of the data from ERA223 showing increased deaths and fractures with the combination of radium-223 and abiraterone compared to abiraterone alo...

Treatment for small cell/neuroendocrine prostate is extrapolated from data on small cell lung cancer. It now appears that Carboplatin + Etoposide + At...

Are you directed by symptoms, PSA changes or do you have a standard schedule regardless of those factors?

Abstract LBA5_PR ‘Radiotherapy (RT) to the primary tumour for men with newly-diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer (PCA): survival results from S...

Prospective International Randomized Phase II Study of Low-Dose Abiteraterone with Food versus Standard Dose Abiraterone In Castration-Resistant Prost...

In a patient s/p orchiectomy and with pelvic lymphadenopathy, would you consider lymph node biopsy to confirm involvement by non-seminomatous germ cel...

Most of the studies have excluded non clear cell histologies. If you use a similar approach to clear cell, have you seen similar responses?

For which patients would you consider addition of apalutamide or enzalutamide? How do you decide between the 2 drugs?

The recent SPARTAN trial showed a remarkable improvement in metastasis free survival and many other secondary endpoints except the lack of significant...

NCCN recommends to change therapy or maintain current therapy in this setting without further clarification. What thresholds would cause a change in t...

What are the special considerations in the non-metastatic setting vs metastatic setting?

Testicular ultrasound, CT, and tumor markers are without abnormalities outside of the mass.

There are now five PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors approved for metastatic bladder CA, one (Atezolizumab) as first-line therapy in cisplatin-ineligible patients...

What systemic therapy do you use? Do you incorporate any multi-modality therapies?

Would you initiate abiraterone or enzalutamide for the rising PSA or wait until the patient is symptomatic or has a new site of metastasis?

Pt previously treated with radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. If recommending therapy, what is the role of concurrent abiraterone + AD...

Based on new FDA approval of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in the first-line setting for intermediate- and poor-risk disease, would you give the combinati...

Could observation and serial cystoscopy be a reasonable option or is surgery necessary? If recommending surgery, can a procedure less than a nephroure...

Data reported by Motzer et al Lancet 2015 demonstrated a statistically superior PFS benefit of lenvatinib monotherapy over everolimus alone. In partic...

Recent evidence has been mixed, with no DFS or OS benefit in 1 trial (ASSURE, Haas et al, Lancet 2016) and DFS benefit in another (S-TRAC, Ravaud et a...

Given the apparently stronger results from KEYNOTE 052 (pembrolizumab) compared to IMvigor 211 (atezolizumab), would you consider pembrolizumab for pa...

The current treatment for bladder adenoCA is surgery. However in non-surgical candidates, RT is an option. Would you consider adding chemo ? Also woul...

If so, what chemotherapy regimen would you use? If not, what management options would you generally recommend?

Based on 2-3% MSH2 mutation and 1% MLH1 mutation rates in metastatic disease regardless of castration sensitivity, should we be looking for this earli...

If current systemic treatment is otherwise controlling the disease and is well-tolerated, is there value to locally aggressive therapy in an attempt t...

In patients with new bone pain and without any evidence of bone metastases receiving GnRH agonists, how do you manage pain symptoms?

Are the results of the STAMPEDE trial presented at ASCO 2017 practice changing?

Given the non-specific nature of AFP and its elevation in various benign conditions, is there an AFP cutoff level or change over time for which you wo...

Which patients do you consider to be chemotherapy-ineligible for the sake of this treatment decision? How strong does the contraindication need to be?

What clinical considerations factor into your decision to choose leuprolide vs goserelin vs triptorelin vs degarelix, etc?

NCCN guidelines offer suggested schedules for interval imaging and laboratory studies, but also make it clear that the quality of evidence for these r...

What determines which you select first? How do concerns about cross-resistance factor in after progression on one of these agents?

To what extent do you worry about overlapping myelosuppression? Is there any advantage to overlapping therapy?

Is there a role for salvage LN dissection or salvage RT to the node? And is there a role for systemic therapy (ADT or chemotherapy) in addition? If yo...

Two retrospective studies from Stanford showed that patients who received ADT had an increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's. Is this finding ...

Do you use a PSA threshold, PSA doubling time, or only evidence of metastatic disease to trigger ADT? For those without rapid doubling time, do you ev...

And how should we compare checkpoint inhibitors? Given the FDA approval of atezolizumab and nivolumab as second-line agents for metastatic urothe...

When would you use surveillance versus repeat excision or adjuvant systemic or local therapy?

The CABOSUN trial showed a benefit in PFS and ORR, with unchanged OS, over sunitinib. 

In the setting of recent craniotomy and a plan for SRS to the surgical cavity, which systemic therapy would you choose and when would you start it?

For a patient with a history of non-muscle invasive disease in the bladder, presenting with a prostatic urethra only recurrence, do you approach this ...

When do you offer trimodality bladder-sparing approaches? Is there any role for starting standard neoadjuvant therapy in an attempt to convert to rese...

Or in patients with metastatic disease on ADT who have not had primary therapy? In what situations do you consider palliative prostatectomy?

After confirming castration levels of testosterone, is the next best step to add docetaxel (as in CHAARTED and STAMPEDE, although not explicitly for G...

When are you concerned for a false positive? FDA guidelines include a suggestion to try another assay in case heterophile antibodies are causing a fal...

Radium-223 has an overall survival benefit and lower hematologic toxicity, but at a significantly increased cost.  Does the cost-effectiveness fa...

If so, at what point? McDermott et al. demonstrated some lasting responses after discontinuation of therapy (JCO 2015), but these responses are s...

How might a recent (within 6 months) myocardial infarction affect your recommendations?

For patients who developed oligometastases while off systemic treatment, do you start systemic therapy following local therapy or return to active sur...

Are there circumstances when you would choose IL-2 over checkpoint inhibitor trials or TKIs for fit patients? How should IL-2 be sequenced with these ...

In which circumstances should high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant be considered, versus second-line chemotherapy regimens or c...

Based on the abstract from IMvigor 210 presented at ASCO this year, are you offering atezo to patients who otherwise may not tolerate platinum-based c...

Based on a recent single-arm phase II trial, is there a role for paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (TIP) as a first-line regimen instead of BEP?

Given recent advancements in the understanding of biological differences in prostate cancer patients of African vs. other ancestry, does your manageme...

For patients who remain fit and interested in treatment, but for whom a clinical trial is not an option, what systemic therapy do you reach for in thi...

If so, how do you sequence this with other therapies?  In addition, in the absence of an effect on radiographic PFS or serum PSA, how do you asse...

In situations where there is a significant risk of either local or nodal persistence/recurrence post prostatectomy with a rising PSA, or nodal involve...

In the IMvigor 210 trial, increased PD-L1 expression in patients’ tumors was associated with response to atezolizumab, but some patients whose t...

A recent systematic review suggested that disease progression owing to a testosterone "flare" may not be a real phenomenon: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go...

Since the benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is well-defined in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, is it reasonable to consider this in upper-tract tumo...

The role of adjuvant docetaxel with ADT following RT for high risk disease has been previously elucidated by RTOG 0521.  Following prostatectomy,...

At the ASCO 2016 annual meeting, results of the PRINCE trial were reported. A strategy of intermittent docetaxel was found to be non-inferior to conti...

 In a patient with node positive disease, treated definitively with radiation, should continuous or intermittent ADT be administered? If a patien...

Typically radium-223 is reserved for men with symptomatic bone disease after failure of multiple other therapies.  Is there a population of men w...

Do you favor a short palliative regimen, or a full course definitive treatment to 64.8Gy? How does your management change if the patient has a good pe...

What factors should be considered with offering SBRT to oligometastatic bone disease in prostate cancer patients? Should this been done off of a proto...

Assuming a patient who could tolerate either, which is preferred? Does this depend on the choice for concurrent chemotherapy (5FU+mitomycin vs ci...


Papers discussed in this category


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Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2015-09-01

Eur Urol, 2015 Jul 16

BJU Int, 2009 Feb

European urology, 2014-06

The New England journal of medicine, 2013-07-18

Lancet, 2016 Mar 19

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2019-05-10

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2016-01-20

The New England journal of medicine, 2004-10-07

JAMA oncology, 2016-11-01

J. Nucl. Med., 2015 Jun 25

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2008-04-01

Lancet Oncol., 2010-02-01

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2006-03-20

The Journal of urology, 2005-08

Mol Clin Oncol, 2015 May 04

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2010-12-10

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2013-11-10

The Journal of urology, 1999-07

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2009-03

Mayo Clin Proc, 2004 Oct

JNCI Cancer Spectr, 2019 Oct 21

N Engl J Med, 1994 Aug 11

The New England journal of medicine, 2018-05-03

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2002-08-01

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2011-06-20

The Journal of urology, 2002-09

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009-01-15

Nature, 2005-12-08

J Clin Oncol, 1999 Jul

Lancet, 2015 Jan 3

The New England journal of medicine, 2001-12-06

Lancet, 2001-09-22

Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 2010-02-01

The Journal of urology, 1982-06

Cancer research, 2000-04-15

J. Clin. Oncol., 2009-04-01

Oncol. Rep., 2015-12-01

Nat Commun, 2015-04-01

PLoS ONE, 2016-01-01

J. Urol., 2002-04-01

Lancet Oncol., 2015 Sep 09

European urology, 2018-02

Lancet, 2018 Oct 18

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2014-04-10

Indian J Urol,

The Lancet. Oncology, 2006-06

Lancet (London, England), 2016-05-07

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2015-06-20

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2016-02-20

JAMA oncology, 2016-04

JAMA oncology, 2017-01-01

JAMA, 2009-08-26

European urology, 2015-05

JAMA, 2008-01-23

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2015-02-01

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2015

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2016-08

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 1995-03

The cancer journal from Scientific American, 2000-02

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2016-12

Urologic oncology, 2015-11

Lancet (London, England), 2016-05-14

The New England journal of medicine, 2016-12-08

JAMA oncology, 2017-09-01

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2017-12-10

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2015-06-20

Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, 2016-10-31

Medicine (Baltimore),

Future Oncol, 2015 Oct 05

JCO Precision Oncology, 2017 May 31

The New England journal of medicine, 2016-08-04

NEJM Evidence, 2022 Jun 3

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2014-09

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2017-02-20

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2016-08-20

The New England journal of medicine, 2017-03-16

The New England journal of medicine, 2018-04-12

The New England journal of medicine, 2018-06-28

European urology, 2012-04

European urology, 2014-07

N. Engl. J. Med., 2012-04-19

J. Urol., 2007-09-01

J. Clin. Oncol., 2006-05-20

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2017-07-10

The New England journal of medicine, 2015-08-20

Lancet (London, England), 2017-01-07

J. Clin. Oncol., 2018-06-10

N. Engl. J. Med., 2017-07-27

Oncology, 2013-01-01

PLoS ONE, 2015-01-01

Ann. Oncol., 2018 Feb 26

Urologe A,

J Clin Oncol, 1998 Nov

Nature medicine, 2017-06

Oncotarget, 2016-08-16

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2015-06-10

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2014-12-10

JAMA Oncol,

J Urol,

Urology, 1999-06

Biomed Res Int, 2014 Feb 06

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2017-02-20

Clinical genitourinary cancer, 2018-08

Urology, 2013-06

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2006-08-20

N. Engl. J. Med., 2019 Jun 02

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2011-06-10

Nat Rev Urol, 2014 Apr

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2013-07-01

N. Engl. J. Med., 2018 Jun 03

Cancer, 2022 Apr 05

Nature, 2013-07-11

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